Therapists in Ohio

View cities and counties in Ohio
Photo of Costenah Ward, MA, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Costenah Ward
Licensed Professional Counselor, MA, LPC
Verified Verified
Lyndhurst, OH 44124
My ideal client is prepared to initiate changes in their life to promote wellness. They are prepared to process internal and external contributors to their mood, discuss options for improvement, and practice healthier skills that will assist in achieving their personal goals. My ideal client is internally motivated and desires emotional balance from concerns such as anxiety, depression, impaired self-esteem, trauma, and interpersonal conflict. They arrive to treatment with goals in mind, and will actively work to experience relief of distressing symptoms.
My ideal client is prepared to initiate changes in their life to promote wellness. They are prepared to process internal and external contributors to their mood, discuss options for improvement, and practice healthier skills that will assist in achieving their personal goals. My ideal client is internally motivated and desires emotional balance from concerns such as anxiety, depression, impaired self-esteem, trauma, and interpersonal conflict. They arrive to treatment with goals in mind, and will actively work to experience relief of distressing symptoms.
(216) 279-7776 View (216) 279-7776
Photo of Rachel France, MEd, LPCC, NCC, CCMHC, Counselor
Rachel France
Counselor, MEd, LPCC, NCC, CCMHC
Verified Verified
Kent, OH 44240  (Online Only)
I am deeply committed to creating a warm, welcoming, and non-judgmental environment for all my clients. My practice is grounded in a person-centered and solution-focused approach, enabling me to effectively coordinate care and facilitate meaningful change for individuals of all ages.
I am deeply committed to creating a warm, welcoming, and non-judgmental environment for all my clients. My practice is grounded in a person-centered and solution-focused approach, enabling me to effectively coordinate care and facilitate meaningful change for individuals of all ages.
(234) 224-1519 View (234) 224-1519
Photo of Laura Rozier, MSEd, LPC, LSW, Counselor
Laura Rozier
Counselor, MSEd, LPC, LSW
Verified Verified
Kettering, OH 45439
Welcome to a space where understanding meets healing! Hi, I am Laura, thank you for checking-out my profile. I am compassionate and dedicated therapist committed to serving clients from all walks of life. This includes fostering a warm and inclusive environment for LGBTQ+ individuals, couples and those seeking culturally sensitive therapy. My expertise spans areas such as anxiety, depression, trauma, relationships, and self-esteem. With a client-centered approach, I create a supportive environment where you can explore your thoughts and emotions without judgement.
Welcome to a space where understanding meets healing! Hi, I am Laura, thank you for checking-out my profile. I am compassionate and dedicated therapist committed to serving clients from all walks of life. This includes fostering a warm and inclusive environment for LGBTQ+ individuals, couples and those seeking culturally sensitive therapy. My expertise spans areas such as anxiety, depression, trauma, relationships, and self-esteem. With a client-centered approach, I create a supportive environment where you can explore your thoughts and emotions without judgement.
(937) 821-8215 View (937) 821-8215
Photo of Caprice Lambert, PsyD, IMFT, Psychologist
Caprice Lambert
Psychologist, PsyD, IMFT
Verified Verified
Kettering, OH 45420
"My job as a therapist is to help you find your path, discover what is blocking you from taking that first step and supporting you in the journey. It can be hard work, but together we can make positive changes that will impact you and your loved ones for many years to come."
"My job as a therapist is to help you find your path, discover what is blocking you from taking that first step and supporting you in the journey. It can be hard work, but together we can make positive changes that will impact you and your loved ones for many years to come."
(937) 569-4763 View (937) 569-4763
Photo of Jill N Keller, LISW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Jill N Keller
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW
Verified Verified
Wooster, OH 44691  (Online Only)
Hello! My belief is that everyone has the compacity to change key aspects in their life to help them function in the way that they would like. I am trained in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Gottman's method for couples, Triple P Parenting, and Trauma Focused CBT for children. I have experience with many different diagnoses, residential children, couples, and family therapy. I am seeking new clients and slowly building a private practice. Currently I am doing virtual through Sondermind, Headway, and my own EHR system, Therapy Appointment.
Hello! My belief is that everyone has the compacity to change key aspects in their life to help them function in the way that they would like. I am trained in Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, Gottman's method for couples, Triple P Parenting, and Trauma Focused CBT for children. I have experience with many different diagnoses, residential children, couples, and family therapy. I am seeking new clients and slowly building a private practice. Currently I am doing virtual through Sondermind, Headway, and my own EHR system, Therapy Appointment.
(234) 595-3502 View (234) 595-3502
Photo of Julie Nguyen, MSEd, LPCC, Counselor
Julie Nguyen
Counselor, MSEd, LPCC
Verified Verified
2 Endorsed
Lakewood, OH 44107
Welcome to a space where your story is heard and healing begins. Deep within each of us, there’s a longing to be accepted and understood for who we truly are. Whether you’re seeking to unpack the complexities of your feelings or wanting to navigate the path of healing from childhood wounds, I’m here to support you through that process. Whatever you are struggling with, know that you were never meant to face it alone. All parts of you are invited here, and I will always work to provide a safe and comfortable space for you to explore your inner world.
Welcome to a space where your story is heard and healing begins. Deep within each of us, there’s a longing to be accepted and understood for who we truly are. Whether you’re seeking to unpack the complexities of your feelings or wanting to navigate the path of healing from childhood wounds, I’m here to support you through that process. Whatever you are struggling with, know that you were never meant to face it alone. All parts of you are invited here, and I will always work to provide a safe and comfortable space for you to explore your inner world.
(216) 677-5694 View (216) 677-5694
Photo of Julie Kungl, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Julie Kungl
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Are you looking to overcome a particular problem, feel less depressed or anxious, improve your relationships with others, or better cope with every day struggles that life can bring? We all pass through different seasons in our life, and occasionally we get stuck in a certain season that leaves us unhappy, dissatisfied, conflicted or worried. Sometimes learning a few new tools that help us change the way we think can dramatically change the way we feel, moving us forward again. Finding peace and joy is an important part of our journey toward better physical, emotional, social and spiritual wellness.
Are you looking to overcome a particular problem, feel less depressed or anxious, improve your relationships with others, or better cope with every day struggles that life can bring? We all pass through different seasons in our life, and occasionally we get stuck in a certain season that leaves us unhappy, dissatisfied, conflicted or worried. Sometimes learning a few new tools that help us change the way we think can dramatically change the way we feel, moving us forward again. Finding peace and joy is an important part of our journey toward better physical, emotional, social and spiritual wellness.
(440) 557-2922 View (440) 557-2922
Photo of Rebecca Walter, LPCC, MACM, Counselor
Rebecca Walter
Counselor, LPCC, MACM
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Columbus, OH 43221  (Online Only)
Accepting new telehealth clients in Ohio and Florida. You may be feeling "not yourself," uncertain, or stuck. It can be difficult to put this into words, or to have a notion of what you do next. We will work together to find a way that respects your right to tell your own story, and next steps that align with what you value. This will involve exploring where you've been, what you've learned (from society, family, institutions), your supports, and your resiliency.
Accepting new telehealth clients in Ohio and Florida. You may be feeling "not yourself," uncertain, or stuck. It can be difficult to put this into words, or to have a notion of what you do next. We will work together to find a way that respects your right to tell your own story, and next steps that align with what you value. This will involve exploring where you've been, what you've learned (from society, family, institutions), your supports, and your resiliency.
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Photo of Stephanie Flynn, MA, LPCC, EMDR, Counselor
Stephanie Flynn
Counselor, MA, LPCC, EMDR
Verified Verified
Strongsville, OH 44136
Stephanie Flynn LPCC, EMDR, C-DBT Stephanie Flynn is an independently licensed therapist in the state of Ohio. Stephanie has experience working in a variety of settings including community mental health, private practice, Intensive Out-Patient Programs, and a comprehensive Day Treatment program. Stephanie has achieved her master's degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling and a master's degree in the Art of Education. She also has advanced training in EMDR, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, and Trauma Informed Care.
Stephanie Flynn LPCC, EMDR, C-DBT Stephanie Flynn is an independently licensed therapist in the state of Ohio. Stephanie has experience working in a variety of settings including community mental health, private practice, Intensive Out-Patient Programs, and a comprehensive Day Treatment program. Stephanie has achieved her master's degree in Clinical Mental Health Counseling and a master's degree in the Art of Education. She also has advanced training in EMDR, Dialectical Behavioral Therapy, and Trauma Informed Care.
(440) 740-3303 View (440) 740-3303
Photo of Amanda Miller, MFT, Marriage & Family Therapist
Amanda Miller
Marriage & Family Therapist, MFT
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43240  (Online Only)
I believe that being human is a beautifully imperfect experience. Each of us live lives that are filled with excitement, joy, love, sadness, anger, fear and loss. Sometimes it feels like you have it all together, and other times everything feels out of control and painful – perhaps even too much to bear. Your inner world, your relationships with those you love, your work and school lives, even all of society can feel so heavy. The pain can sometimes be manageable and other times feel overwhelming and isolating. The many roles all of us play as a partner, a family member, and a friend can present challenges.
I believe that being human is a beautifully imperfect experience. Each of us live lives that are filled with excitement, joy, love, sadness, anger, fear and loss. Sometimes it feels like you have it all together, and other times everything feels out of control and painful – perhaps even too much to bear. Your inner world, your relationships with those you love, your work and school lives, even all of society can feel so heavy. The pain can sometimes be manageable and other times feel overwhelming and isolating. The many roles all of us play as a partner, a family member, and a friend can present challenges.
(380) 204-9667 View (380) 204-9667
Photo of Katie Allison, LPC, Licensed Professional Counselor
Katie Allison
Licensed Professional Counselor, LPC
Verified Verified
Hamilton, OH 45011  (Online Only)
Hello there! My name is Katie and I'm a licensed professional counselor in the state of Ohio. I have a passion for working with individuals of all ages who are struggling with, but not limited to; stress and anxiety, depression, OCD, self-esteem, and other phase of life issues. My approach to therapy involves utilizing Person-Centered Counseling, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy to create an environment of problem-solving by building on personal interests and strengths. However, I adapt my approaches to best suit the needs of my clients!
Hello there! My name is Katie and I'm a licensed professional counselor in the state of Ohio. I have a passion for working with individuals of all ages who are struggling with, but not limited to; stress and anxiety, depression, OCD, self-esteem, and other phase of life issues. My approach to therapy involves utilizing Person-Centered Counseling, Cognitive Behavioral Therapy, and Dialectical Behavioral Therapy to create an environment of problem-solving by building on personal interests and strengths. However, I adapt my approaches to best suit the needs of my clients!
(513) 596-6535 View (513) 596-6535
Photo of Emily K Kirby, PsyD, Psychologist
Emily K Kirby
Psychologist, PsyD
Verified Verified
Columbus, OH 43221
Waitlist for new clients
I have 10+ years experience conducting therapy with children, adolescents, adults, families, with special expertise in depression, anxiety, women's issues, grief/loss, couples and family therapy, parenting concerns, and behavioral challenges in children and adolescents. I utilize an integrative approach to meet each client's unique needs and goals, incorporating cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, and mindfulness-based interventions. I am dedicated to building strong therapeutic relationships with my clients by providing empathy, respect, and compassion in a non-judging, safe environment. My collaborative, individualized approach empowers clients to make lasting changes in their lives and increase feelings of self-worth.
I have 10+ years experience conducting therapy with children, adolescents, adults, families, with special expertise in depression, anxiety, women's issues, grief/loss, couples and family therapy, parenting concerns, and behavioral challenges in children and adolescents. I utilize an integrative approach to meet each client's unique needs and goals, incorporating cognitive-behavioral, psychodynamic, and mindfulness-based interventions. I am dedicated to building strong therapeutic relationships with my clients by providing empathy, respect, and compassion in a non-judging, safe environment. My collaborative, individualized approach empowers clients to make lasting changes in their lives and increase feelings of self-worth.
(614) 389-9138 View (614) 389-9138
Photo of Jessica Campbell, LPCC, Counselor
Jessica Campbell
Counselor, LPCC
Verified Verified
Cincinnati, OH 45208  (Online Only)
Calm your body & mind, connect with your heart, discover who you are outside of your childhood programming & trauma. This leads to more peace, confidence, better relationships & often better health. Healing is a journey and ideally we dip into the past just long enough to learn from it and let it go. Living in the present becomes much easier when trapped emotions from the past aren’t always right there waiting to be activated. I offer an open, no-judgement, holistic space for you to bring your truest self, all preferences and spiritualities welcome.
Calm your body & mind, connect with your heart, discover who you are outside of your childhood programming & trauma. This leads to more peace, confidence, better relationships & often better health. Healing is a journey and ideally we dip into the past just long enough to learn from it and let it go. Living in the present becomes much easier when trapped emotions from the past aren’t always right there waiting to be activated. I offer an open, no-judgement, holistic space for you to bring your truest self, all preferences and spiritualities welcome.
(513) 993-4368 View (513) 993-4368
Photo of Wayne Klee, LPCC-S, Counselor
Wayne Klee
Counselor, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
Cleveland, OH 44107  (Online Only)
You can't change the past, but you can start where you are, use what you have, and do what you can to shape a better future. In my 9+ years of clinical experience, I've learned that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to therapy as everyone has different needs.
You can't change the past, but you can start where you are, use what you have, and do what you can to shape a better future. In my 9+ years of clinical experience, I've learned that there is no one-size-fits-all approach to therapy as everyone has different needs.
(513) 654-5538 View (513) 654-5538
Photo of Joy Serednesky, LPCC-S
Joy Serednesky
Licensed Professional Clinical Counselor, LPCC-S
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Poland, OH 44514
FIND YOUR "JOY" in life again! Let me help you find your "JOY"... personally, professionally, or with your family. My goal is guide you through an individualized treatment plan where my clients feel and function better. I provide a thorough intake, your treatment shouldn't feel like a fast-food drive thru. My specialty is working with neurodivergent clients with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and/or clients that may process information or their emotions differently.
FIND YOUR "JOY" in life again! Let me help you find your "JOY"... personally, professionally, or with your family. My goal is guide you through an individualized treatment plan where my clients feel and function better. I provide a thorough intake, your treatment shouldn't feel like a fast-food drive thru. My specialty is working with neurodivergent clients with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), Attention-Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), and/or clients that may process information or their emotions differently.
(330) 222-3787 View (330) 222-3787
Photo of Sasha Goodman, MA, LIMFT, CIMHP, Marriage & Family Therapist
Sasha Goodman
Marriage & Family Therapist, MA, LIMFT, CIMHP
Verified Verified
Westlake, OH 44145
You want to feel at peace...joyful and grounded. I help you explore the possibilities of change in an open minded, compassionate, supportive and unconditionally accepting environment. We'll work through the stories you have believed and get to know the real you! Throughout the therapeutic process, you will have an opportunity to access inner strengths, explore past experiences, confront fears, gain insight with a sense of mindfulness and curiosity. No matter where you are in your journey, whether it is to optimize emotional and/or physical wellbeing or maintain it, I can help you get there though a holistic, YOU centered approach.
You want to feel at peace...joyful and grounded. I help you explore the possibilities of change in an open minded, compassionate, supportive and unconditionally accepting environment. We'll work through the stories you have believed and get to know the real you! Throughout the therapeutic process, you will have an opportunity to access inner strengths, explore past experiences, confront fears, gain insight with a sense of mindfulness and curiosity. No matter where you are in your journey, whether it is to optimize emotional and/or physical wellbeing or maintain it, I can help you get there though a holistic, YOU centered approach.
(440) 291-2267 View (440) 291-2267
Photo of Jeffrey Leon, MA, LPCC, Counselor
Jeffrey Leon
Counselor, MA, LPCC
Verified Verified
Canton, OH 44718
Hello! I'm Jeffrey Leon, a compassionate therapist specializing in anxiety, grief, and relationships. Are you struggling navigating life's transitions? Just feeling "off" and don't know what to do about it? Do you seek emotional intelligence, inner peace, and meaningful connections? Do you want to reclaim control over your life and build a fulfilling future. With tailored therapy using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Gottman Level 2 Couples Therapy techniques, I empower clients on their journey towards healing and personal growth. Let's work together to explore your emotions, cultivate resilience, and create positive change.
Hello! I'm Jeffrey Leon, a compassionate therapist specializing in anxiety, grief, and relationships. Are you struggling navigating life's transitions? Just feeling "off" and don't know what to do about it? Do you seek emotional intelligence, inner peace, and meaningful connections? Do you want to reclaim control over your life and build a fulfilling future. With tailored therapy using Cognitive Behavioral Therapy (CBT) and Gottman Level 2 Couples Therapy techniques, I empower clients on their journey towards healing and personal growth. Let's work together to explore your emotions, cultivate resilience, and create positive change.
(234) 233-7894 View (234) 233-7894
Photo of Melissa Counts, MSW, LSW, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Melissa Counts
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, MSW, LSW
Verified Verified
1 Endorsed
Amherst, OH 44001
Therapy is an opportunity to promote healing and personal growth in a supportive and judgement free zone. I have worked in the mental health field as a social worker since 2014. I take a relational approach to counseling as trust and connection are very important to the therapeutic relationship. I work with each client to be trauma-informed and culturally sensitive. I am a trained therapist in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) treatment and Flash technique. I enjoy working to build awareness with how our bodies respond under stress and practicing mindfulness techniques.
Therapy is an opportunity to promote healing and personal growth in a supportive and judgement free zone. I have worked in the mental health field as a social worker since 2014. I take a relational approach to counseling as trust and connection are very important to the therapeutic relationship. I work with each client to be trauma-informed and culturally sensitive. I am a trained therapist in Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) treatment and Flash technique. I enjoy working to build awareness with how our bodies respond under stress and practicing mindfulness techniques.
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Photo of Joy Wood, LISW-S, Clinical Social Work/Therapist
Joy Wood
Clinical Social Work/Therapist, LISW-S
Verified Verified
Brecksville, OH 44141
Joy Wood has nearly 15 years experience in mental health care for children, adolescents and adults. She earned her master's degree in social work from Case Western Reserve University and her bachelor's degree in psychology from Kent State University. She served as clinical services director for an adolescent residential treatment center in Cleveland for nearly 10 years, previously serving as a clinical supervisor. She specializes in child and adolescent services, particularly in the treatment of anger management, stress management, depression, and oppositional behaviors, as well as parenting and family therapy.
Joy Wood has nearly 15 years experience in mental health care for children, adolescents and adults. She earned her master's degree in social work from Case Western Reserve University and her bachelor's degree in psychology from Kent State University. She served as clinical services director for an adolescent residential treatment center in Cleveland for nearly 10 years, previously serving as a clinical supervisor. She specializes in child and adolescent services, particularly in the treatment of anger management, stress management, depression, and oppositional behaviors, as well as parenting and family therapy.
(440) 762-6260 View (440) 762-6260
Photo of Michael Knerr, PhD, IMFT-S, Marriage & Family Therapist
Michael Knerr
Marriage & Family Therapist, PhD, IMFT-S
Verified Verified
Dublin, OH 43017
Nothing is more frustrating than trying really hard and still feeling like a particular problem or relationship is not improving. Does this sentence describe you? Do you feel like no matter how hard you try; your marriage is still stuck? Or you cannot figure out some aspect of parenting? If this frustration of trying without improvement describes an important aspect of your life, then now is the time to try therapy.
Nothing is more frustrating than trying really hard and still feeling like a particular problem or relationship is not improving. Does this sentence describe you? Do you feel like no matter how hard you try; your marriage is still stuck? Or you cannot figure out some aspect of parenting? If this frustration of trying without improvement describes an important aspect of your life, then now is the time to try therapy.
(614) 383-9132 View (614) 383-9132

How does your Therapist compare?

Average cost per session

$125

Therapists in Ohio who prioritize treating:

92% Anxiety
88% Depression
73% Trauma and PTSD
71% Self Esteem
70% Relationship Issues
66% Coping Skills
65% Stress

Average years in practice

10 Years

Top 3 insurances accepted

79% Aetna
72% UnitedHealthcare UHC | UBH
68% Anthem | Elevance

How Therapists in Ohio see their clients

76% In Person and Online
24% Online Only

Gender breakdown

80% Female
19% Male
1% Non-Binary
FAQs - About Therapy and Counseling

How can I find a therapist in Ohio?

Search for nearby therapists or counselors by inputting your city, town, or suburb; or zip code; or a provider’s name into the search bar. From there, you can filter providers by the issues they treat, cost, insurance, gender, and other factors to find providers who are well-suited to your needs. To navigate between locations within the same country, enter a new city or zip code into the search bar.

Learn more about how to find a therapist

Is everyone in the Psychology Today Therapy Directory a licensed therapist?

The Psychology Today directory lists providers who offer legitimate mental health services to the public, including psychologists, psychiatrists, social workers, and counselors.

Many have been licensed by the country or state where they practice; providers whose license or primary credential has been verified by Psychology Today are signified by a “Verified” symbol. Some clinicians or organizations provide services for which their state or country does not offer licenses, such as pastoral counseling. They may be selectively included without the “Verified” seal.

What’s the difference between a psychologist, a therapist, and a counselor?

Therapists, psychologists, and counselors are all licensed mental health professionals. In the US, psychologists have earned a doctoral degree. The terms “therapist” and “counselor” are used somewhat interchangeably, but generally therapists offer longer-term, mental health care, while counselors offer shorter-term care that may focus on one domain, such as marriage, career, or academic challenges.

Clients should consider factors such as insurance coverage and their primary reason(s) for seeking therapy to determine the type of professional best suited to their needs. Someone struggling with mental health challenges such as depression or anxiety, for example, may wish to seek out a clinical psychologist or therapist, while someone navigating career obstacles or marital upheaval may benefit from seeing a counselor who can offer short-term, targeted support.

What type of therapy is right for me?

The type of therapy best suited to a particular individual depends on several factors, including their primary reason for seeking therapy, their preferred timeline (some therapy types last for a set number of sessions, while others are open-ended), and their personality and preferences—some may prefer a more structured approach. For many individuals, multiple types of therapy could provide a good fit.

How much does therapy cost?

The cost of therapy depends on a number of variables, including location and the therapist’s experience and training. On average, a therapy session in the United States could cost between $100 and $200 or more. If you have insurance, the expense of mental health care is typically lower, but it varies based on your insurance plan details and whether you choose an in-network or out-of-network mental healthcare provider.

What are more affordable or low cost therapy solutions?

Many therapists offer sliding scale payments, usually on a limited number of slots, which consists in an agreement between the therapist and a client to pay a reduced rate. Therapists who provide such arrangements often consider the client's income or ability to pay, but the extent of the discount is ultimately at the therapist's discretion. Furthermore, while group therapy may have different goals and benefits compared to individual therapy, it can be a more affordable solution to address certain types of issues.

Is online therapy cheaper than in-person therapy?

Many therapists charge the same amount for online therapy as they do for in-person therapy—though clients may still find this cost-effective if it cuts down on their transportation costs. Health insurance plans often offer equivalent coverage for online and in-person therapy; indeed, in many places, they are legally required to do so. Text-based or on-demand therapy apps may be cheaper than traditional one-on-one psychotherapy; however, the practice may be less effective and is not likely to be covered by insurance.

Is online therapy a good option?

Therapy conducted online can be just as effective as in-person therapy, as long as there is a strong alliance between the client and the therapist. To find a therapist who provides telehealth services to clients in your area, click “Online Therapy” on the directory homepage and search by your city or town or your zip code.

Are therapy sessions confidential?

Confidentiality is a crucial part of the therapeutic relationship. Therapists in the United States are bound by the regulations set out by the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA), which aims to protect sensitive health information. With very few exceptions, a therapist will only discuss their client with others when the client has given their written permission. The instances in which a therapist would be required to disclose personal information are: if a client poses a danger to themselves or others, if the therapist suspects the abuse of a child or an elderly or otherwise dependent adult, or if they are legally forced to by court order. These exceptions to the confidentiality agreement are usually discussed with a client before their first session.