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Bethe formula. The Bethe formula or Bethe–Bloch formula describes the mean energy loss per distance travelled of swift charged particles ( protons, alpha particles, atomic ions) traversing matter (or alternatively the stopping power of the material). [1] For electrons the energy loss is slightly different due to their small mass (requiring ...
The physics becomes closely similar although the nuclear density is about 15 orders of magnitude larger than that of ordinary matter and the nature of the dipole interaction is totally different. The correction was predicted in 1963 by Magda Ericson [3] and was derived in 1966 together with Torleif Ericson . [4]
The Larmor formula can only be used for non-relativistic particles, which limits its usefulness. The Liénard-Wiechert potential is a more comprehensive formula that must be employed for particles travelling at relativistic speeds. Additionally, the Larmor formula makes the unavoidable assumption that the charged particle is orbiting in a circle.
Sheppard's correction. In statistics, Sheppard's corrections are approximate corrections to estimates of moments computed from binned data. The concept is named after William Fleetwood Sheppard . Let be the measured kth moment, the corresponding corrected moment, and the breadth of the class interval (i.e., the bin width).
Atmospheric correction is the process of removing the scattering and absorption effects of the atmosphere on the reflectance values of images taken by satellite or airborne sensors. [1] [2] Atmospheric effects in optical remote sensing are significant and complex, dramatically altering the spectral nature of the radiation reaching the remote ...
Description Basic physics formula triangles.svg. English: Image mnemonics in the style of the Ohm's law formula triangle for high-school physics by CMG Lee. Covering the unknown in each mnemonic gives the formula in terms of the remaining parameters. In the SVG file, hover over a symbol for its meaning and formula. Source.
In geophysics, the free-air gravity anomaly, often simply called the free-air anomaly, is the measured gravity anomaly after a free-air correction is applied to account for the elevation at which a measurement is made. It does so by adjusting these measurements of gravity to what would have been measured at a reference level, which is commonly ...
EWMA chart. In statistical quality control, the EWMA chart (or exponentially weighted moving average chart) is a type of control chart used to monitor either variables or attributes-type data using the monitored business or industrial process 's entire history of output. [1] While other control charts treat rational subgroups of samples ...