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On December 31, 1989, Erna was one of 46 Nazi war criminals convicted under East German law who were in prison. Between 1989 and April 1990, 23 of these convicts were released or died in prison. After taking time served and other factors into account, another five were released in a partial amnesty. [13]
After the war, these crimes were tried at what became known as the Doctors' Trial, and revulsion at the abuses perpetrated led to the development of the Nuremberg Code of medical ethics. The Nazi physicians in the Doctors' Trial argued that military necessity justified their experiments and compared their victims to collateral damage from ...
War crimes by Soviet armed forces against civilians and prisoners of war in the territories occupied by the USSR between 1939 and 1941 in regions including Western Ukraine, the Baltic states and Bessarabia in Romania, along with war crimes in 1944–1945, have been ongoing issues within these countries.
List of Most Wanted Nazi War Criminals according to the Simon Wiesenthal Center; The Ravensbrück trials of the camp officials from the Ravensbrück concentration camp. War-responsibility trials in Finland – a series of trials of the Finnish leadership, originally established for war crimes but held without war crime indictments
Historian Jonathan Steinberg describes Ustaše crimes against Serbian and Jewish civilians: "Serbian and Jewish men, women and children were literally hacked to death". Reflecting on the photos of Ustaše crimes taken by Italians, Steinberg writes: "There are photographs of Serbian women with breasts hacked off by pocket knives, men with eyes ...
During World War II, the Allies committed legally proven war crimes and violations of the laws of war against either civilians or military personnel of the Axis powers.At the end of World War II, many trials of Axis war criminals took place, most famously the Nuremberg Trials and Tokyo Trials.
Some scholars consider the rape of German women by the Red Army during the Russian advance into Germany in 1945 towards the end of World War II as a form of collective punishment. Women were also targeted as a collective punishment for collaboration in Vichy France where photographs were taken of women stripped and paraded through the streets ...
The subject of rape during the Soviet occupation of Poland at the end of World War II in Europe was absent from the postwar historiography until the dissolution of the Soviet Union, although the documents of the era show that the problem was serious both during and after the advance of Soviet forces against Nazi Germany in 1944–1945. [1]