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It is commonly used on wedding invitations, letterheads, business cards, greeting cards, gift wrap, packaging, etc. It is sometimes used in diploma printing as a low-cost alternative to engraved embossing .
Visiting cards were kept in highly decorated card cases. The visiting card is no longer the universal feature of upper-middle-class and upper-class life that it once was in Europe and North America. Much more common is the business card, in which contact details, including address and telephone number, are essential.
In the 19th century, hot stamping became a popular method of applying gold tooling or embossing in book printing on leather and paper. The first patent for hot stamping was recorded in Germany by Ernst Oeser in 1892. From the 1950s onward, the method became a popular means of marking plastic .
Embossing and debossing are the processes of creating either raised or recessed relief images and designs in paper and other materials. An embossed pattern is raised against the background, while a debossed pattern is sunken into the surface of the material but might protrude somewhat on the reverse side.
Lenticular printing is a technology in which lenticular lenses (a technology also used for 3D displays) are used to produce printed images with an illusion of depth, or the ability to change or move as they are viewed from different angles.
Cold foil printing, also known as cold foil stamping, is a modern method of printing metallic foil on a substrate in order to enhance the aesthetic of the final product.
The history of printing starts as early as 3000 BCE, when the proto-Elamite and Sumerian civilizations used cylinder seals to certify documents written in clay tablets. Other early forms include block seals, hammered coinage, pottery imprints, and cloth printing.
Business cards are printed on some form of card stock, the visual effect, method of printing, cost and other details varying according to cultural or organizational norms and personal preferences. The common weight of a business card varies some by location.
Digital embossing is a digital printing technology enhancement process. Digital embossing eliminates the need for printing plates, molds, chemicals, and solvents. The process emits no pollutants or waste and reduces energy use.
Intaglio printmaking emerged in Europe well after the woodcut print, with the earliest known surviving examples being undated designs for playing cards made in Germany, using drypoint technique, probably in the late 1430s.