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In mathematics, and more specifically in algebraic topology and polyhedral combinatorics, the Euler characteristic (or Euler number, or Euler–Poincaré characteristic) is a topological invariant, a number that describes a topological space's shape or structure regardless of the way it is bent.
The Spearman–Brown prediction formula, also known as the Spearman–Brown prophecy formula, is a formula relating psychometric reliability to test length and used by psychometricians to predict the reliability of a test after changing the test length. [1] The method was published independently by Spearman (1910) and Brown (1910). [2] [3]
The van der Pauw Method is a technique commonly used to measure the resistivity and the Hall coefficient of a sample. Its strength lies in its ability to accurately measure the properties of a sample of any arbitrary shape, as long as the sample is approximately two-dimensional (i.e. it is much thinner than it is wide), solid (no holes), and the electrodes are placed on its perimeter.
Using MFDR and formulas above, an adjusted MFDR (or AFDR) is the minimum of the mean for m dependent tests, i.e., () = (+) [ +] +. Another way to address dependence is by bootstrapping and rerandomization.
A 12th grade visual arts class in Scott County, Virginia in the United States. Twelfth grade (also known as 12th grade, grade 12, senior year, or class 12) is the twelfth and final year of formal or compulsory education. It is typically the final year of secondary school and K–12 in most parts of the world. Students in twelfth grade are ...
When searching for a signal in a continuous parameter space there can also be a problem of multiple comparisons, or look-elsewhere effect. For example, a physicist might be looking to discover a particle of unknown mass by considering a large range of masses; this was the case during the Nobel Prize winning detection of the Higgs boson.
A Pellin–Broca prism is a type of constant-deviation dispersive prism similar to an Abbe prism. The prism is named for its inventors, the French instrument maker Ph. Pellin and professor of physiological optics André Broca .
A more accurate correction factor can be obtained using Knudsen correction. When using nitrogen gas for core plug measurements, the Klinkenberg correction is usually necessary due to the so-called Klinkenberg gas slippage effect. This takes place when the pore space approaches the mean free path of the gas