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The Tokyo Charter defines war crimes as "violations of the laws or customs of war," [24] which involves acts using prohibited weapons, violating battlefield norms while engaging in combat with the enemy combatants, or against protected persons, [25] including enemy civilians and citizens and property of neutral states as in the case of the attack on Pearl Harbor.
The order cast the war against the Soviet Union as one of ideological and racial differences, and it provided for the immediate liquidation of political commissars in the Red Army. [16] The order was formulated in 1941 with the participation of the Army High Command (the OKH) and issued by the Wehrmacht High Command (the OKW). [17]
War crimes, crimes against humanity: murder of prisoners of war and civilians. No prosecutions. 1944–1945 killings of ethnic Germans (Danube Swabians), Rusyns (Ruthenians) and Hungarians in Bačka, as well as Serb prisoners of war and civilians. [118] Kočevski Rog massacre: War crimes, crimes against humanity: murder of prisoners of war and ...
Serbs in the Ottoman Empire were maltreated and accused of being Serbian agents. [9] Panic ensued, and Serbs, primarily from the border areas fled to Serbia. [9] Albanians who participated in the Greco-Turkish War (1897) used weapons not turned in to the authorities against the Serbs in Old Serbia. [10]
Starting in 1998, the KLA was involved in frontal battle, with increasing numbers of Yugoslav security forces. Escalating tensions led to the Kosovo War in February 1998. [17] [18] [19] After the end of the Kosovo War in 1999 with the signing of the Kumanovo agreement, [20] a 5-kilometre-wide Ground Safety Zone (GSZ) was created.
In 2009, almost 40 years after the events of 1971, a report published by the War Crimes Fact Finding Committee of Bangladesh accused 1,597 people of war crimes, including rape. Since 2010, the International Crimes Tribunal (ICT) has indicted, tried, and sentenced several people to life imprisonment or death for their actions during the conflict.
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[1] [2] During the 1912–13 First Balkan War, Serbia and Montenegro committed a number of war crimes against the Albanian population after expelling Ottoman Empire forces from present-day Albania, Kosovo, and North Macedonia, which were reported by the European, American and Serbian opposition press. [3]