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  2. Esotropia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Esotropia

    Treatment options for esotropia include glasses to correct refractive errors (see accommodative esotropia below), the use of prisms, orthoptic exercises, or eye muscle surgery. The term is from Greek eso meaning "inward" and trope meaning "a turning".

  3. Prism correction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prism_correction

    Prentice's rule, named so after the optician Charles F. Prentice, is a formula used to determine the amount of induced prism in a lens: = where: P is the amount of prism correction (in prism dioptres) c is decentration (the distance between the pupil centre and the lens's optical centre, in millimetres)

  4. Diplopia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Diplopia

    Efforts must first be made to identify and treat the underlying cause of the problem. Treatment options include eye exercises, wearing an eye patch on alternative eyes, prism correction, and in more extreme situations, surgery or botulinum toxin.

  5. Decay correction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Decay_correction

    The formula for decay correcting is: = where is the original activity count at time zero, is the activity at time "t", "λ" is the decay constant, and "t" is the elapsed time.

  6. Aberration (astronomy) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aberration_(astronomy)

    Augustin-Jean Fresnel proposed a correction due to the motion of a medium (the aether) through which light propagated, known as "partial aether drag". He proposed that objects partially drag the aether along with them as they move, and this became the accepted explanation for aberration for some time.

  7. Effective medium approximations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Effective_medium...

    Applications. There are many different effective medium approximations, each of them being more or less accurate in distinct conditions. Nevertheless, they all assume that the macroscopic system is homogeneous and, typical of all mean field theories, they fail to predict the properties of a multiphase medium close to the percolation threshold due to the absence of long-range correlations or ...

  8. Semi-empirical mass formula - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Semi-empirical_mass_formula

    In nuclear physics, the semi-empirical mass formula ( SEMF) (sometimes also called the Weizsäcker formula, Bethe–Weizsäcker formula, or Bethe–Weizsäcker mass formula to distinguish it from the Bethe–Weizsäcker process) is used to approximate the mass of an atomic nucleus from its number of protons and neutrons.

  9. Sight reduction - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sight_reduction

    Sight is defined as the observation of the altitude, and sometimes also the azimuth, of a celestial body for a line of position; or the data obtained by such observation. [1] The mathematical basis of sight reduction is the circle of equal altitude. The calculation can be done by computer, or by hand via tabular methods and longhand methods.

  10. Spherical aberration - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Spherical_aberration

    Correction In lens systems, aberrations can be minimized using combinations of convex and concave lenses , or by using aspheric lenses or aplanatic lenses. Lens systems with aberration correction are usually designed by numerical ray tracing .

  11. Surface plasmon resonance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surface_plasmon_resonance

    The most common data interpretation is based on the Fresnel formulas, which treat the formed thin films as infinite, continuous dielectric layers. This interpretation may result in multiple possible refractive index and thickness values. Usually only one solution is within the reasonable data range.