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  2. Prism cover test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prism_Cover_Test

    The prism cover test (PCT) is an objective measurement and the gold standard in measuring strabismus, i.e. ocular misalignment, or a deviation of the eye. It is used by ophthalmologists and orthoptists in order to measure the vertical and horizontal deviation and includes both manifest and latent components. [1]

  3. Vertex distance - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Vertex_distance

    Vertex distance is the distance between the back surface of a corrective lens, i.e. glasses (spectacles) or contact lenses, and the front of the cornea. Increasing or decreasing the vertex distance changes the optical properties of the system, by moving the focal point forward or backward, effectively changing the power of the lens relative to ...

  4. Prism fusion range - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prism_fusion_range

    When measuring horizontal fusion ranges, base in prisms assess fusional divergence while base out prisms assess fusional convergence. The vertical fusional vergence amplitude can also be measured with base up and base down prisms although the horizontal PFR is typically the main focus when testing.

  5. Fixation disparity - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fixation_disparity

    Eye glasses with an included prism power is the optical method to reduce a fixation disparity. Different procedures have been proposed to determine the required amount of prism for the individual. Based on prism-FD curves (Fig. 3b), one can find the aligning prism sP 0 that nullifies the naturally prevailing fixation disparity sFD 0. This test ...

  6. Maddox rod - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maddox_rod

    Method for measuring vertical deviations: 1. The Maddox Rod is held in front of the patient's right eye with the cylinders vertical, making the red line horizontal. 2. The patient is then asked whether the white light is superimposed on the red line or if it appears above or below the red line.

  7. Eyeglass prescription - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Eyeglass_prescription

    Eyeglass prescription. An eyeglass prescription is an order written by an eyewear prescriber, such as an optometrist, that specifies the value of all parameters the prescriber has deemed necessary to construct and/or dispense corrective lenses appropriate for a patient. If an eye examination indicates that corrective lenses are appropriate, the ...

  8. Worth 4 dot test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worth_4_dot_test

    It can be used to establish whether a patient has the ability for the eyes to fuse the light that is received from each eye into 4 lights. The test is indicated with the use of a presence of a prism in individuals with a strabismus and fusion is considered present if 4 lights are maintained, with or without the use of a prism. The W4LT can also ...

  9. Corrective lens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrective_lens

    Corrective lens. A pair of contact lenses, positioned with the concave side facing upward. A corrective lens is a transmissive optical device that is worn on the eye to improve visual perception. The most common use is to treat refractive errors: myopia, hypermetropia, astigmatism, and presbyopia.

  10. Progressive lens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Progressive_lens

    Progressive lenses are corrective lenses used in eyeglasses to correct presbyopia and other disorders of accommodation. They are characterised by a gradient of increasing lens power, added to the wearer's correction for the other refractive errors. The gradient starts at the wearer's distance prescription at the top of the lens and reaches a ...

  11. Cover test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cover_test

    A cover test or cover-uncover test is an objective determination of the presence and amount of ocular deviation. It is typically performed by orthoptists, ophthalmologists and optometrists during eye examinations . The two primary types of cover tests are: the alternating cover test. the unilateral cover test (or the cover-uncover test).