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Esotropia is a form of strabismus in which one or both eyes turn inward. The condition can be constantly present, or occur intermittently, and can give the affected individual a "cross-eyed" appearance. [1] It is the opposite of exotropia and usually involves more severe axis deviation than esophoria. Esotropia is sometimes erroneously called ...
Prism dioptres. Prism correction is commonly specified in prism dioptres, a unit of angular measurement that is loosely related to the dioptre. Prism dioptres are represented by the Greek symbol delta (Δ) in superscript. A prism of power 1 Δ would produce 1 unit of displacement for an object held 100 units from the prism. [2]
Specialty. Neurology, ophthalmology. Diplopia is the simultaneous perception of two images of a single object that may be displaced horizontally or vertically in relation to each other. [1] Also called double vision, it is a loss of visual focus under regular conditions, and is often voluntary.
An otolith ( Greek: ὠτο-, ōto- ear + λῐ́θος, líthos, a stone), also called statoconium or otoconium or statolith, is a calcium carbonate structure in the saccule or utricle of the inner ear, specifically in the vestibular system of vertebrates. The saccule and utricle, in turn, together make the otolith organs.
The strength of the prism is increased until the streak of the light passes through the centre of the prism, as the strength of the prism indicates the amount of deviation present. The Maddox rod is a handheld instrument composed of red parallel plano convex cylinder lens , which refracts light rays so that a point source of light is seen as a ...
Glasses, surgery [3] Frequency. ~2% (children) [3] Strabismus is a vision disorder in which the eyes do not properly align with each other when looking at an object. [2] The eye that is pointed at an object can alternate. [3] The condition may be present occasionally or constantly. [3]
Otoplasty. Otoplasty ( Greek: οὖς, oûs, "ear" + πλάσσειν, plássein, "to shape") is a procedure for correcting the deformities and defects of the auricle ( external ear ), whether these defects are congenital conditions (e.g. microtia, anotia, etc.) or caused by trauma. [1] Otoplastic surgeons may reshape, move, or augment the ...
Endoscopic ear surgery ( EES) is a minimally invasive alternative to traditional ear surgery and is defined as the use of the rigid endoscope, as opposed to a surgical microscope, to visualize the middle and inner ear during otologic surgery. [1] During endoscopic ear surgery the surgeon holds the endoscope in one hand while working in the ear ...
Cauliflower ear. Cauliflower ear. Specialty. Otorhinolaryngology. Cauliflower ear is an irreversible condition that occurs when the external portion of the ear is hit and develops a blood clot or other collection of fluid under the perichondrium. This separates the cartilage from the overlying perichondrium that supplies its nutrients, causing ...
Surfer's ear is the common name for an exostosis or abnormal bone growth within the ear canal. They are otherwise benign hyperplasias (growths) of the tympanic bone thought to be caused by frequent cold-water exposure. [1] Cases are often asymptomatic. [1] Surfer's ear is not the same as swimmer's ear, although infection can result as a side ...