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The prosthetic implant used in hip replacement consists of three parts: the acetabular cup, the femoral component, and the articular interface. Options exist for different people and indications. The evidence for a number of newer devices is not very good, including: ceramic-on-ceramic bearings, modular femoral necks, and uncemented monoblock cups.
Eponymous implants and their uses. Austin-Moore prosthesis for fracture of the neck of the femur; Baksi's prosthesis for elbow replacement; Charnley prosthesis for total hip replacement; Condylar blade plate for condylar fractures of the femur; Ender's nail for fixing intertrochanteric fracture
Bone cement is considered a reliable anchorage material with its ease of use in clinical practice and particularly because of its proven long survival rate with cemented-in prostheses. Hip and knee registers for artificial joint replacements such as those in Sweden and Norway [2] clearly demonstrate the advantages of cemented-in anchorage.
Materials Some ceramic materials commonly used in joint replacement are alumina (Al 2 O 3 ), zirconia (ZrO 2 ), silica (SiO 2 ), hydroxyapatite (Ca 10 (PO 4 ) 6 (OH) 2 ), titanium nitride (TiN), silicon nitride (Si 3 N 4 ).
Ti-6Al-7Nb (UNS designation R56700) is an alpha-beta titanium alloy first synthesized in 1977 containing 6% aluminum and 7% niobium. It features high strength and has similar properties as the cytotoxic vanadium containing alloy Ti-6Al-4V. Ti-6Al-7Nb is used as a material for hip prostheses. [1]
The surface of implants that contact the body might be made of a biomedical material such as titanium, silicone, or apatite depending on what is the most functional. In 2018, for example, American Elements developed a nickel alloy powder for 3D printing robust, long-lasting, and biocompatible medical implants. [4]
Medical implants Co-Cr alloys are most commonly used to make artificial joints including knee and hip joints due to high wear-resistance and biocompatibility. [4] Co-Cr alloys tend to be corrosion resistant, which reduces complication with the surrounding tissues when implanted, and chemically inert that they minimize the possibility of ...
A titanium hip prosthesis, with a ceramic head and polyethylene acetabular cup. Ceramics are now commonly used in the medical fields as dental and bone implants. [8] [9] Surgical cermets are used regularly. Joint replacements are commonly coated with bioceramic materials to reduce wear and inflammatory response.
Prosthetic raw materials. Prosthetic are made lightweight for better convenience for the amputee. Some of these materials include: Plastics: Polyethylene; Polypropylene; Acrylics; Polyurethane; Wood (early prosthetics) Rubber (early prosthetics) Lightweight metals: Titanium; Aluminum; Composites: Carbon fiber reinforced polymers
Internal fixation is an operation in orthopedics that involves the surgical implementation of implants for the purpose of repairing a bone, a concept that dates to the mid-nineteenth century and was made applicable for routine treatment in the mid-twentieth century.