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Distinction (law) Distinction is a principle under international humanitarian law governing the legal use of force in an armed conflict, whereby belligerents must distinguish between combatants and protected civilians. [1] Combatant in this instance means persons entitled to directly participate in hostilities and thus are not afforded immunity ...
The Articles of Confederation and Perpetual Union was an agreement among the 13 states of the United States, formerly the Thirteen Colonies, that served as the nation's first frame of government. It was debated by the Second Continental Congress at Independence Hall in Philadelphia between July 1776 and November 1777, and finalized by the ...
Unlawful combatant. An unlawful combatant, illegal combatant or unprivileged combatant/belligerent is a person who directly engages in armed conflict in violation of the laws of war and therefore is claimed not to be protected by the Geneva Conventions. [1] [2] [3] The International Committee of the Red Cross points out that the terms "unlawful ...
The Hague Conventions of 1899 and 1907 are a series of international treaties and declarations negotiated at two international peace conferences at The Hague in the Netherlands. Along with the Geneva Conventions, the Hague Conventions were among the first formal statements of the laws of war and war crimes in the body of secular international law.
The just war theory ( Latin: bellum iustum) [1] [2] is a doctrine, also referred to as a tradition, of military ethics that aims to ensure that a war is morally justifiable through a series of criteria, all of which must be met for a war to be considered just. It has been studied by military leaders, theologians, ethicists and policymakers.
International criminal law. v. t. e. Human shields are legally protected persons —either protected civilians or prisoners of war —who are either coerced or volunteer to deter attacks by occupying the space between a belligerent and a legitimate military target. [1] The use of human shields is forbidden by Protocol I of the Geneva Conventions.
e. Hitler's Reichstag speech promoting the bill was delivered at the Kroll Opera House, following the Reichstag fire. The Enabling Act of 1933 ( German: Ermächtigungsgesetz ), officially titled Gesetz zur Behebung der Not von Volk und Reich ( lit. 'Law to Remedy the Distress of People and Reich ' ), [1] was a law that gave the German Cabinet ...