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  2. Magma - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magma

    Magma can be found in the mantle or molten crust. Magma (from Ancient Greek μάγμα (mágma) 'thick unguent') is the molten or semi-molten natural material from which all igneous rocks are formed.

  3. Magmatic water - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magmatic_water

    Magmatic water, also known as juvenile water, is an aqueous phase in equilibrium with minerals that have been dissolved by magma deep within the Earth's crust and is released to the atmosphere during a volcanic eruption.

  4. Surtseyan eruption - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Surtseyan_eruption

    A Surtseyan eruption is an explosive style of volcanic eruption that takes place in shallow seas or lakes when rapidly rising and fragmenting hot magma interacts explosively with water and with water-steam-tephra slurries.

  5. Sill (geology) - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sill_(geology)

    A sill is a concordant intrusive sheet, meaning that it does not cut across preexisting rock beds. Stacking of sills builds a sill complex [1] and a large magma chamber at high magma flux. [2] In contrast, a dike is a discordant intrusive sheet, which does cut across older rocks.

  6. Magma chamber - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Magma_chamber

    A magma chamber is a large pool of liquid rock beneath the surface of the Earth. The molten rock, or magma, in such a chamber is less dense than the surrounding country rock, which produces buoyant forces on the magma that tend to drive it upwards. [1]

  7. Tholeiitic magma series - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tholeiitic_Magma_Series

    A magma series is a chemically distinct range of magma compositions that describes the evolution of a mafic magma into a more evolved, silica rich end member. Rock types of the tholeiitic magma series include tholeiitic basalt, ferro-basalt, tholeiitic basaltic andesite, tholeiitic andesite, dacite and rhyolite.