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Dermatophagia (from Ancient Greek δέρμα — lit. skin and φαγεία lit. eating) or dermatodaxia (from δήξις, lit. biting) is a compulsion disorder of gnawing or biting one's own skin, most commonly at the fingers.
Diagnosis Types. The main BFRB disorders are: Skin Dermatillomania (excoriation disorder), skin picking; Dermatophagia, skin nibbling; Mouth Morsicatio buccarum, cheek biting; Morsicatio labiorum, inner lip biting; Morsicatio linguarum, tongue biting; Nails Onychophagia, nail biting; Onychotillomania, nail picking; Nose
Signs and symptoms Compulsive picking of the knuckles (via mouth) illustrating potentially temporary disfiguration of the distal and proximal joints of the middle and little fingers. The fingers have been compulsively picked and chewed in someone with excoriation disorder and dermatophagia.
Symptoms. Common symptoms in humans include: Nail biting; Pulling hair; Chewing fingers (in extreme cases, leading to amputation) Possible causes. This section will focus on the causes for autophagia in humans. There is no single primary cause for autophagia.
Diagnosis is less easy in the early stages, when the three features are not yet obvious. Signs of self-injurious behavior (SIB), results of pedigree analysis and novel molecular biology with genetic testing (called as Diagnostic triad for LNS), often confirms the diagnosis.
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Russell's sign, named after British psychiatrist Gerald Russell, is a sign [1] defined as calluses on the knuckles [2] or back of the hand due to repeated self-induced vomiting over long periods of time.
Nail biting, also known as onychophagy or onychophagia, is an oral compulsive habit of biting one's fingernails. It is sometimes described as a parafunctional activity, the common use of the mouth for an activity other than speaking, eating, or drinking.
The diagnosis of misophonia is not recognized in the DSM-IV or the ICD-11, and it is not classified as a hearing or psychiatric disorder. It may be a form of sound–emotion synesthesia, and has parallels with some anxiety disorders.
A practitioner can evaluate and diagnose a person with tardive dyskinesia by conducting a systematic examination. The practitioner should ask the person to relax, and look for symptoms like facial grimacing, eye or lip movements, tics, respiratory irregularities, and tongue movements.
It is not the same as onychophagia, where the nails are bitten or chewed, or dermatillomania, where skin is bitten or scratched. Onychotillomania can be categorized as a body-focused repetitive behavior in the DSM-5 and is a form of skin picking, also known as excorciation disorder .