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Skin condition. A skin condition, also known as cutaneous condition, is any medical condition that affects the integumentary system —the organ system that encloses the body and includes skin, nails, and related muscle and glands. [1] The major function of this system is as a barrier against the external environment. [2]
Vitiligo ( / ˌvɪtɪˈlaɪɡoʊ /) is a chronic autoimmune disorder that causes patches of skin to lose pigment or color. [1] The cause of vitiligo is unknown, but it may be related to immune system changes, genetic factors, stress, or sun exposure. [5] [6] Treatment options include topical medications, light therapy, surgery and cosmetics. [6]
Psoriasis is a long-lasting, noncontagious autoimmune disease characterized by patches of abnormal skin. [4] [5] These areas are red, pink, or purple, dry, itchy, and scaly. [8] [3] Psoriasis varies in severity from small localized patches to complete body coverage. [3] Injury to the skin can trigger psoriatic skin changes at that spot, which ...
Darier's disease. Darier's disease (DAR) is a rare, inherited skin disorder that presents with multiple greasy, crusting, thick brown bumps that merge into patches. [4] It is an autosomal dominant disorder discovered by French dermatologist Ferdinand-Jean Darier . Mild forms of the disease are the most common, consisting solely of skin rashes ...
The skin weighs an average of four kilograms, covers an area of two square metres, and is made of three distinct layers: the epidermis, dermis, and subcutaneous tissue. The two main types of human skin are: glabrous skin, the hairless skin on the palms and soles (also referred to as the "palmoplantar" surfaces), and hair-bearing skin.
Ichthyosis (also named fish scale disease) [1] is a family of genetic skin disorders characterized by dry, thickened, scaly skin. [2] The more than 20 types of ichthyosis range in severity of symptoms, outward appearance, underlying genetic cause and mode of inheritance (e.g., dominant, recessive, autosomal or X-linked ). [3]
Rosacea is a long-term skin condition that typically affects the face. It results in redness, pimples, swelling, and small and superficial dilated blood vessels. Often, the nose, cheeks, forehead, and chin are most involved.
Acne, also known as acne vulgaris, is a long-term skin condition that occurs when dead skin cells and oil from the skin clog hair follicles. [10] Typical features of the condition include blackheads or whiteheads, pimples, oily skin, and possible scarring. [1] [2] [11] It primarily affects skin with a relatively high number of oil glands ...
Dermatology. Dermatology is the branch of medicine dealing with the skin. [1] [2] It is a speciality with both medical and surgical aspects. [3] [4] [5] A dermatologist is a specialist medical doctor who manages diseases related to skin, hair, nails, and some cosmetic problems. [2] [6]
Atopic dermatitis ( AD ), also known as atopic eczema, is a long-term type of inflammation of the skin ( dermatitis ). [2] It results in itchy, red, swollen, and cracked skin. [2] Clear fluid may come from the affected areas, which can thicken over time. [2]