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According to CIPA guidelines, 35 mm equivalent focal length is to be calculated like this: "Converted focal length into 35 mm camera" = (Diagonal distance of image area in the 35 mm camera (43.27 mm) / Diagonal distance of image area on the image sensor of the DSC) × focal length of the lens of the DSC.
Angle of view can also be determined using FOV tables or paper or software lens calculators. [5] Log-log graphs of focal length vs crop factor vs diagonal, horizontal and vertical angles of view for film or sensors of 3:2 and 4:3 aspect ratios.
In digital photography, the image sensor format is the shape and size of the image sensor . The image sensor format of a digital camera determines the angle of view of a particular lens when used with a particular sensor. Because the image sensors in many digital cameras are smaller than the 24 mm × 36 mm image area of full-frame 35 mm cameras ...
The lens aperture is usually specified as an f-number, the ratio of focal length to effective aperture diameter (the diameter of the entrance pupil). A lens typically has a set of marked "f-stops" that the f-number can be set to. A lower f-number denotes a greater aperture which allows more light to reach the film or image sensor.
Lens speed. Lens speed is the maximum aperture diameter, or minimum f-number, of a photographic lens. A lens with a larger than average maximum aperture (that is, a smaller minimum f-number) is called a "fast lens" because it can achieve the same exposure as an average lens with a faster shutter speed. Conversely, a smaller maximum aperture ...
Flange focal distance. For an interchangeable lens camera, the flange focal distance ( FFD) (also known as the flange-to-film distance, flange focal depth, flange back distance ( FBD ), flange focal length ( FFL ), back focus [1] or register, depending on the usage and source) of a lens mount system is the distance from the mounting flange (the ...
Optical format is a hypothetical measurement approximately 50% larger than the true diagonal size of a solid-state photo sensor. The use of the optical format means that a lens used with a particular size sensor will have approximately the same angle of view as if it were to be used with an equivalent-sized video camera tube (an "old-fashioned ...
The most commonly used definition of crop factor is the ratio of a 35 mm frame's diagonal (43.3 mm) to the diagonal of the image sensor in question; that is, . Given the same 3:2 aspect ratio as 35mm's 36 mm × 24 mm area, this is equivalent to the ratio of heights or ratio of widths; the ratio of sensor areas is the square of the crop factor.
Exposure value is a base-2 logarithmic scale defined by ( Ray 2000, 318 ): where. N is the f-number. t is the exposure time ("shutter speed") in seconds [2] EV 0 corresponds to an exposure time of 1 s and an aperture of f/1.0 . If the EV is known, it can be used to select combinations of exposure time and f-number, as shown in Table 1.
For a normal lens focused at infinity, the diagonal (or horizontal or vertical) field of view can be calculated as: F O V = 2 × arctan ( sensor size 2 f ) {\displaystyle \mathrm {FOV} =2\times \arctan \left({\frac {\text{sensor size}}{2f}}\right)}