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People have different skin colors mainly because their melanocytes produce different amount and kinds of melanin. The genetic mechanism behind human skin color is mainly regulated by the enzyme tyrosinase, which creates the color of the skin, eyes, and hair shades.
The Fitzpatrick scale (also Fitzpatrick skin typing test; or Fitzpatrick phototyping scale) is a numerical classification schema for human skin color. It was developed in 1975 by American dermatologist Thomas B. Fitzpatrick as a way to estimate the response of different types of skin to ultraviolet (UV) light. [2]
Human skin shows higher variation in colour than any other single mammalian species and is the result of natural selection. Skin pigmentation in humans evolved to primarily regulate the amount of ultraviolet radiation (UVR) penetrating the skin, controlling its biochemical effects.
Melanocytes are melanin-producing neural crest-derived cells located in the bottom layer (the stratum basale) of the skin's epidermis, the middle layer of the eye (the uvea), the inner ear, vaginal epithelium, meninges, bones, and heart. Melanin is a dark pigment primarily responsible for skin color.
Skin colors according to von Luschan's chromatic scale. Von Luschan's chromatic scale (VLS) is a method of classifying skin color. It is also called the von Luschan scale or von Luschan's scale. It is named after its inventor, Felix von Luschan. The equipment consisted of 36 opaque glass tiles which were compared to the subject's skin, ideally ...
There are five basic types of melanin: eumelanin, pheomelanin, neuromelanin, allomelanin and pyomelanin. [2] Eumelanin is produced through a multistage chemical process known as melanogenesis, where the oxidation of the amino acid tyrosine is followed by polymerization. Eumelanin is the most common type.
Olive skin is a human skin colour spectrum. It is often associated with pigmentation in the Type III [1] [2] to Type IV and Type V ranges of the Fitzpatrick scale . [3] [4] It generally refers to moderate or lighter tan or brownish skin, and it is often described as having tan, brown, cream, greenish, yellowish, or golden undertones.
Dark skin is a type of human skin color that is rich in melanin pigments. [1] [2] [3] People with dark skin are often referred to as black people, [4] although this usage can be ambiguous in some countries where it is also used to specifically refer to different ethnic groups or populations.
Light skin is a human skin color that has a low level of eumelanin pigmentation as an adaptation to environments of low UV radiation. [1] [2] Due to migrations of people in recent centuries, light-skinned populations today are found all over the world. [2] [3] People with light skin pigmentation are often referred to as "white" [4] [5] although ...
Complexion in humans is the natural color, texture, and appearance of the skin, especially on the face. History [ edit ] The word "complexion" is derived from the Late Latin complexi , which initially referred in general terms to a combination of things, and later in physiological terms, to the balance of humors .