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The first railway fishplate, patented by William Adams and Robert Richardson in 1847. The device was invented by William Bridges Adams [4] in May 1842, because of his dissatisfaction with the scarf joints and other systems [5] of joining rails then in use.
William Bridges Adams (1797 – 23 July 1872) was an English locomotive engineer, and writer. He is best known for his patented Adams axle – a successful radial axle design in use on railways in Britain until the end of steam traction in 1968 – and the railway fishplate.
The earliest tracks consisted of wooden rails on transverse wooden sleepers, which helped maintain the spacing of the rails. Various developments followed, with cast iron plates laid on top of the wooden rails and later wrought iron plates or wrought iron angle plates ( angle iron as L-shaped plate rails).
The first railway line was built in Russia in 1837 between Saint-Petersburg and Tsarskoye Selo. It was 27 km long and linked the Imperial Palaces at Tsarskoye Selo and Pavlovsk. The track gauge was 6 feet (1.8 metres).
In North America and the United Kingdom, rail is graded in pounds per yard (usually shown as pound or lb ), so 130-pound rail would weigh 130 lb/yd (64 kg/m). The usual range is 115 to 141 lb/yd (57 to 70 kg/m). In Europe, rail is graded in kilograms per metre and the usual range is 40 to 60 kg/m (81 to 121 lb/yd).
1858 – The first railway line in Ottoman Empire (Turkiye) opens between Izmir-Aydin. 1858 – Henri Giffard invented the injector for steam locomotives. 1861 – First railway in Paraguay, from the station to the Port of Asuncion on 14 June. 1862 – The first railway in Finland, from Helsinki to Hämeenlinna.
1810s–1830s. 1800–1825 Various inventors and entrepreneurs make suggestions about building model railways in the United States. Around Coalbrookdale in the United Kingdom, mining railways become increasingly common. An early steam locomotive is given a test run in 1804, but is then wrecked carelessly.
In May 1831, the first 500 rails, each 15 feet (4.6 m) long and weighing 36 pounds per yard (17.9 kg/m), reached Philadelphia and were placed in the track, marking the first use of the flanged T rail. Afterwards, the flanged T rail became employed by all railroads in the United States.
For the connection bar used in railways, see Fishplate. Three sea-perch and three limpets , Apulian red-figured fish plate, ca. 340–320 BC, British Museum A fish plate is a Greek pottery vessel used by western, Hellenistic Greeks during the fourth century BC.
The first public railway in the world was the Lake Lock Rail Road, a narrow gauge railway built near Wakefield, West Yorkshire, England. [5] [6] [7] The early wooden railways were improved on in 1793 when Benjamin Outram constructed a mile-long tramway with L-shaped cast iron rails. [8]