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Damask. Damask (/ˈdæməsk/; Arabic: دمشق) is a woven, reversible patterned fabric. Damasks are woven by periodically reversing the action of the warp and weft threads. [1] The pattern is most commonly created with a warp-faced satin weave and the ground with a weft-faced or sateen weave. [2] Fabrics used to create damasks include silk ...
The Citadel of Damascus (Arabic: قلعة دمشق, romanized: Qalʿat Dimašq) is a large medieval fortified palace and citadel in Damascus, Syria. It is part of the Ancient City of Damascus, which was listed as a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 1979. The location of the current citadel was first fortified in 1076 by the Turkman warlord Atsiz ...
The origin of the name "Damascus Steel" is contentious. Islamic scholars al-Kindi (full name Abu Ya'qub ibn Ishaq al-Kindi, circa 800 CE – 873 CE) and al-Biruni (full name Abu al-Rayhan Muhammad ibn Ahmad al-Biruni, circa 973 CE – 1048 CE) both wrote about swords and steel made for swords, based on their surface appearance, geographical location of production or forging, or the name of the ...
Damascus was the capital of independent Ayyubid rulers between 1193 and 1201, from 1218 to 1238, from 1239 to 1245, and from 1250 to 1260. At other times it was ruled by the Ayyubid rulers of Egypt. [ 88 ] During the internecine wars fought by the Ayyubid rulers, Damascus was besieged repeatedly, as, e.g., in 1229.
The old city of Damascus (Arabic: دِمَشْق ٱلْقَدِيمَة, romanized: Dimašq al-Qadīmah) is the historic city centre of Damascus, Syria. The old city, which is one of the oldest continuously inhabited cities in the world, [1] contains numerous archaeological sites, including some historical churches and mosques. Many cultures ...
2012. Publication place. Lebanon. Pages. 21568. ISBN. 9782745160966. The History of Damascus ( Arabic: تاريخ دمشق, romanized : Tarikh Dimashq) is a major classical Islamic encyclopedic work and is considered the largest biographical dictionary produced in history by a medieval Muslim historian, Ibn Asakir. [ 1][ 2][ 3]
The first European references to crucible steel seem to be no earlier than the Post Medieval period. [50] European experiments with “Damascus” steels go back to at least the sixteenth century, but it was not until the 1790s that laboratory researchers began to work with steels that were specifically known to be Indian/wootz. [51]
The early domes of the Middle Ages, particularly in those areas recently under Byzantine control, were an extension of earlier Roman architecture. The domed church architecture of Italy from the sixth to the eighth centuries followed that of the Byzantine provinces and, although this influence diminishes under Charlemagne, it continued on in ...