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MECP2 gene mutations are the cause of most cases of Rett syndrome, a progressive neurologic developmental disorder and one of the most common causes of intellectual disability in women. ARX: Aristaless related homeobox, is a protein associated with intellectual disability and lissencephaly. This gene is a homeobox-containing gene expressed ...
A petechia ( / pɪˈtiːkiə /; [1] pl.: petechiae) is a small red or purple spot (≤4 mm in diameter) that can appear on the skin, conjunctiva, retina, and mucous membranes which is caused by haemorrhage of capillaries. [2] [3] The word is derived from Italian petecchia, 'freckle,' of obscure origin. [1] It refers to one of the three ...
Fingernail-biting that develops into fingernail-eating is a form of pica. Other forms of pica include dermatophagia, and compulsion of eating one's own hair, which can form a hairball in the stomach. Left untreated, this can cause death due to excessive hair buildup. Self-cannibalism can be a form of self-harm and a symptom of a mental disorder.
Tongue thrust (also called reverse swallow or immature swallow) is a pseudo-pathological name of what is either considered a normal adaptive lip seal mechanism, whereby normal nasal breathing or normal swallowing can occur, or seen as an oral myofunctional disorder a tongue muscle pattern that is perceived as clinically abnormal and in which ...
Paresthesia is an abnormal sensation of the skin (tingling, pricking, chilling, burning, numbness) with no apparent physical cause. [1] Paresthesia may be transient or chronic, and may have many possible underlying causes. [1] Paresthesias are usually painless and can occur anywhere on the body, but most commonly occur in the arms and legs.
Leukonychia. Other names. White nails or Milk spots [1] Specialty. Dermatology. Leukonychia (or leuconychia) is a medical term for white discoloration appearing on nails. [2] It is derived from the Greek words leuko 'white' and onyx 'nail'. The most common cause is injury to the base of the nail (the matrix) where the nail is formed.
e. The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test ( AUDIT) is a ten-item questionnaire approved by the World Health Organization to screen patients for hazardous (risky) and harmful alcohol consumption. It was developed from a WHO multi-country collaborative study, [1] [2] [3] the items being selected for the AUDIT being the best performing of ...
Olfactory reference syndrome. Olfactory reference syndrome ( ORS) is a psychiatric condition in which there is a persistent false belief and preoccupation with the idea of emitting abnormal body odors which the patient thinks are foul and offensive to other individuals. [1] [2] People with this condition often misinterpret others' behaviors, e ...