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In thermodynamics, the Volume Correction Factor (VCF), also known as Correction for the effect of Temperature on Liquid (CTL), is a standardized computed factor used to correct for the thermal expansion of fluids, primarily, liquid hydrocarbons at various temperatures and densities.
The oil in place is calculated as the product of the volume of porous oil-bearing rock, the porosity of the rock, and its saturation. Correction factors have to be applied for the difference between the volume of the same mass of oil in the reservoir to its volume when brought to the surface, which is caused by the different physical conditions ...
MF, Meter Factor, adjust to actual volume, this factor is determined by probing CTL is a volume correction factor for the effects of temperature on liquid [32] SF, Shrinkage Factor , adjusts for changes in pressure temperature and composition, for instance shrinkage of fluid occurs when pressure drops and constituents change to gas phase
There are advantages to field testing and on-board conversion of measured volumes to volume correction. This method is detailed in ASTM D287. Classifications or grades API gravity of crude oil produced in the contiguous United States. Generally speaking, oil with an API gravity between 40 and 45° commands the highest prices.
Definition of formation volume factor Bo and gas/oil ratio Rs for oil. When oil is produced to surface temperature and pressure it is usual for some natural gas to come out of solution. The gas/oil ratio (GOR) is the ratio of the volume of gas ("scf") that comes out of solution to the volume of oil — at standard conditions.
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In thermodynamics, the compressibility factor (Z), also known as the compression factor or the gas deviation factor, describes the deviation of a real gas from ideal gas behaviour. It is simply defined as the ratio of the molar volume of a gas to the molar volume of an ideal gas at the same temperature and pressure .
The most common correction factors include those by Zuidema and Waters (for liquids with low interfacial tension), Huh and Mason (which covers a wider range than Zuidema–Waters), and Harkins and Jordan (more precise than Huh–Mason, while still covering the most widely used liquids).
Oil conversion factor from m³ to bbl (or stb) is 6.28981100. Gas conversion factor from standard m³ to scf is 35.314666721. Note that the m³ gas conversion factor takes into account a difference in the standard temperature base for measurement of gas volumes in metric and imperial units.
Logarithmic mean temperature difference. In thermal engineering, the logarithmic mean temperature difference ( LMTD) is used to determine the temperature driving force for heat transfer in flow systems, most notably in heat exchangers. The LMTD is a logarithmic average of the temperature difference between the hot and cold feeds at each end of ...
Pressure-correction method is a class of methods used in computational fluid dynamics for numerically solving the Navier-Stokes equations normally for incompressible flows. Common properties [ edit ] The equations solved in this approach arise from the implicit time integration of the incompressible Navier–Stokes equations .