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The term porphyry is from the Ancient Greek πορφύρα ( porphyra ), meaning "purple". Purple was the colour of royalty, and the Roman "imperial porphyry" was a deep purple igneous rock with large crystals of plagioclase. Some authors claimed the rock was the hardest known in antiquity. [3] Thus porphyry was prized for monuments and building projects in Imperial Rome and thereafter.
Amethyst is a violet variety of quartz. The name comes from the Koine Greek αμέθυστος amethystos from α- a-, "not" and μεθύσκω ( Ancient Greek) methysko / μεθώ metho ( Modern Greek ), "intoxicate", a reference to the belief that the stone protected its owner from drunkenness. [1] Ancient Greeks wore amethyst and carved ...
The philosopher's stone is created by the alchemical method known as The Magnum Opus or The Great Work. Often expressed as a series of color changes or chemical processes, the instructions for creating the philosopher's stone are varied. When expressed in colours, the work may pass through phases of nigredo, albedo, citrinitas, and rubedo.
The Infinity Stones are fictional items in the Marvel Cinematic Universe (MCU) media franchise, based on the Infinity Gems of the Marvel Comics. As expounded across several interwoven MCU multimedia titles, the six Infinity Stones are reputed to embody and control essential aspects of existence—Space, Mind, Reality, Power, Time and Soul ...
The normal primary and secondary hues in tanzanite are blue and violet. Untreated tanzanite is a trichroic gemstone, meaning that light that enters this anisotropic crystal gets refracted on different paths, with different colour absorption on each of the three optical axes.
Lapis lazuli ( UK: / ˌlæpɪs ˈlæz ( j) ʊli, ˈlæʒʊ -, - ˌli /; US: / ˈlæz ( j) əli, ˈlæʒə -, - ˌli / ), or lapis for short, is a deep-blue metamorphic rock used as a semi-precious stone that has been prized since antiquity for its intense color. Originating from the Persian word for the gem, lāžward, [1] lapis lazuli is a rock composed primarily of the minerals lazurite ...
Tyrian purple ( Ancient Greek: πορφύρα porphúra; Latin: purpura ), also known as royal purple, imperial purple, or imperial dye, is a reddish- purple natural dye. The name Tyrian refers to Tyre, Lebanon, once Phoenicia. It is secreted by several species of predatory sea snails in the family Muricidae, rock snails originally known by the name Murex ( Bolinus brandaris, Hexaplex ...
Topaz is a part of the second rank of gemstones, or semiprecious stones, accompanying aquamarine, morganite, and tourmaline. [7] The first rank of gemstones, or precious stones, includes ruby, sapphire, diamond, and emerald .
The amethyst is a brilliant transparent stone of a purple colour and varies in shade from violet purple to rose. There are two kinds of amethysts: the oriental amethyst, a species of sapphire that is very hard (cf. Heb., hlm ), and when colourless is almost indistinguishable from the diamond.
Pleochroism is an extremely useful tool in mineralogy and gemology for mineral and gem identification, since the number of colors visible from different angles can identify the possible crystalline structure of a gemstone or mineral and therefore help to classify it. Minerals that are otherwise very similar often have very different pleochroic ...