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Esophoria is an eye condition involving inward deviation of the eye, usually due to extra-ocular muscle imbalance. It is a type of heterophoria .
Prism correction is measured in prism dioptres. A prescription that specifies prism correction will also specify the "base". The base is the thickest part of the lens and is opposite from the apex. Light will be bent towards the base and the image will be shifted towards the apex.
The prism cover test ( PCT) is an objective measurement and the gold standard in measuring strabismus, i.e. ocular misalignment, or a deviation of the eye. [1] It is used by ophthalmologists and orthoptists in order to measure the vertical and horizontal deviation and includes both manifest and latent components. [1]
Anisometropic persons who have strabismus are mostly far-sighted, and almost all of these have (or have had) esotropia. [13] However, there are indications that anisometropia influences the long-term outcome of a surgical correction of an inward squint, and vice versa.
The symptoms and signs associated with convergence insufficiency are related to prolonged, visually demanding, near-centered tasks. They may include, but are not limited to, diplopia (double vision), asthenopia (eye strain), transient blurred vision, difficulty sustaining near-visual function, abnormal fatigue, headache, and abnormal postural adaptation, among others. In some cases, difficulty ...
Unfortunately, the prism only correct for a fixed degree of misalignment and, because the affected individual's degree of misalignment will vary depending upon their direction of gaze, they may still experience diplopia when looking to the affected side.
Incomitant strabismus cannot be fully corrected by prism glasses, because the eyes would require different degrees of prismatic correction dependent on the direction of the gaze. [42]
Efforts must first be made to identify and treat the underlying cause of the problem. Treatment options include eye exercises, [2] wearing an eye patch on alternative eyes, [2] [24] prism correction, [26] [24] [27] and in more extreme situations, surgery [5] [28] or botulinum toxin. [29]
Otoplasty ( Greek: οὖς, oûs, "ear" + πλάσσειν, plássein, "to shape") is a procedure for correcting the deformities and defects of the auricle ( external ear ), whether these defects are congenital conditions (e.g. microtia, anotia, etc.) or caused by trauma. [1]
Where appropriate, prismatic correction can be used, either temporarily or permanently, to relieve symptoms of double vision.