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There is no therapy known to effectively treat dermatophagia, [citation needed] but there have been attempts at stopping those affected from being able to chew on their skin. One notable method that is currently in development is focused on in curbing dermatophagia in children with cerebral palsy.
Topiramate, an anti-epileptic drug, has been used to treat excoriation disorder; in a small study of individuals with Prader–Willi syndrome, it was found to reduce skin picking. Psychological treatment. Treatments include cognitive-behavioral therapy, acceptance-enhanced behavior therapy, and acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT).
Treatment can include behavior modification therapy, medication, and family therapy. [1] [2] The evidence base criteria for BFRBs is strict and methodical. [7] Individual behavioral therapy has been shown as a "probably effective" evidence-based therapy to help with thumb sucking, and possibly nail biting. [7]
Clinically dosage up to twice the recommended dose might be used due to relative resistance of some strains of dermatophytes. Tinea pedis is usually treated with topical medicines, like ketoconazole or terbinafine, and pills, or with medicines that contains miconazole, clotrimazole, or tolnaftate. [18]
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Often, the adjacent skin is bitten off, too, which is called perionychophagia, a special case of dermatophagia. Biting nails can lead to broken skin on the cuticle. When cuticles are improperly removed, they are susceptible to microbial and viral infections such as paronychia. Saliva may then redden and infect the skin.
Other forms of pica include dermatophagia, and compulsion of eating one's own hair, which can form a hairball in the stomach. Left untreated, this can cause death due to excessive hair buildup. Self-cannibalism can be a form of self-harm and a symptom of a mental disorder.
Treatment is typically with antifungal creams such as clotrimazole or miconazole. [7] If the scalp is involved, antifungals by mouth such as fluconazole may be needed. [7] Dermatophytosis has spread globally, and up to 20% of the world's population may be infected by it at any given time. [8]
The way to correct the dysregulation is to "reconstitute", or replenish, keystone species in healthy individuals prior to the development of human diseases of modern living. As keystone organisms, helminths are central to correcting immune dysregulation, and their replenishment may prevent disease. [23]
Dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis (DPR) is a rare, autosomal dominant [2] congenital disorder that is a form of ectodermal dysplasia. Dermatopathia pigmentosa reticularis is composed of the triad of generalized reticulate hyperpigmentation, noncicatricial alopecia, and onychodystrophy.