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According to CIPA guidelines, [2] 35 mm equivalent focal length is to be calculated like this: "Converted focal length into 35 mm camera" = (Diagonal distance of image area in the 35 mm camera (43.27 mm) / Diagonal distance of image area on the image sensor of the DSC) × focal length of the lens of the DSC.
Camera lens focal lengths are usually specified in millimetres (mm), but some older lenses are marked in centimetres (cm) or inches. Focal length (f) and field of view (FOV) of a lens are inversely proportional. For a standard rectilinear lens, FOV = 2 arctan x / 2f, where x is the width of the film.
An f-number is a measure of the light-gathering ability of an optical system such as a camera lens. It is calculated by dividing the system's focal length by the diameter of the entrance pupil ("clear aperture").
Angle of view can also be determined using FOV tables or paper or software lens calculators.
Numerical aperture of a thin lens. Numerical aperture is not typically used in photography. Instead, the angular aperture of a lens (or an imaging mirror) is expressed by the f-number, written f/N, where N is the f-number given by the ratio of the focal length f to the diameter of the entrance pupil D :
Flange focal distance. Diagram illustrating the flange focal length of an SLR–type and a mirrorless–type camera. For an interchangeable lens camera, the flange focal distance ( FFD) (also known as the flange-to-film distance, flange focal depth, flange back distance ( FBD ), flange focal length ( FFL ), back focus [1] or register, depending ...
The image sensor format of a digital camera determines the angle of view of a particular lens when used with a particular sensor. Because the image sensors in many digital cameras are smaller than the 24 mm × 36 mm image area of full-frame 35 mm cameras, a lens of a given focal length gives a narrower field of view in such cameras.
With being the distance from the lens to the image, the height of the image and the height of the object, the magnification can also be written as: M = − d i d o = h i h o {\displaystyle M=-{d_{\mathrm {i} } \over d_{\mathrm {o} }}={h_{\mathrm {i} } \over h_{\mathrm {o} }}}
When setting photoflash exposures, the guide number (GN) of photoflash devices (flashbulbs and electronic devices known as "studio strobes", "on-camera flashes", "electronic flashes", "flashes", and "speedlights") is a measure photographers can use to calculate either the required f‑stop for any given flash-to-subject distance, or the ...
A camera lens (also known as photographic lens or photographic objective) is an optical lens or assembly of lenses used in conjunction with a camera body and mechanism to make images of objects either on photographic film or on other media capable of storing an image chemically or electronically.