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Cancer. Esophagitis, also spelled oesophagitis, is a disease characterized by inflammation of the esophagus. The esophagus is a tube composed of a mucosal lining, and longitudinal and circular smooth muscle fibers. It connects the pharynx to the stomach; swallowed food and liquids normally pass through it. [1]
Sonophoresis, also known as phonophoresis, was dated back all the way to the 1950s in its first mention in a published report. [1] This report showcased that a hydrocodone injection yielded better outcomes for bursitis when combined with an ultrasound massage. [2] Following this, a series of publications from several investigators showed the ...
Iontophoresis is a process of transdermal drug delivery by use of a voltage gradient on the skin. [1][2] Molecules are transported across the stratum corneum by electrophoresis and electroosmosis and the electric field can also increase the permeability of the skin. [3][4] These phenomena, directly and indirectly, constitute active transport of ...
Swallowing. Swallowing, also called deglutition or inglutition[1] in scientific contexts, is the process in the body of a human or other animal that allows for a substance to pass from the mouth, to the pharynx, and into the esophagus, while shutting the epiglottis. Swallowing is an important part of eating and drinking.
Gastroparesis (gastro- from Ancient Greek γαστήρ – gaster, "stomach"; and -paresis, πάρεσις – "partial paralysis"), also called delayed gastric emptying, is a medical disorder consisting of weak muscular contractions (peristalsis) of the stomach, resulting in food and liquid remaining in the stomach for a prolonged period of time.
The human digestive system consists of the gastrointestinal tract plus the accessory organs of digestion (the tongue, salivary glands, pancreas, liver, and gallbladder). Digestion involves the breakdown of food into smaller and smaller components, until they can be absorbed and assimilated into the body. The process of digestion has three ...
Noninvasive glucose monitoring (NIGM), called Noninvasive continuous glucose monitoring when used as a CGM technique, is the measurement of blood glucose levels, required by people with diabetes to prevent both chronic and acute complications from the disease, without drawing blood, puncturing the skin, or causing pain or trauma.
Perspiration, also known as sweat, is the fluid secreted by sweat glands in the skin of mammals. [ 1 ] Two types of sweat glands can be found in humans: eccrine glands and apocrine glands. [ 2 ] The eccrine sweat glands are distributed over much of the body and are responsible for secreting the watery, brackish sweat most often triggered by ...