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People with dermatophagia chew their skin out of compulsion, and can do so on a variety of places on their body. Those with dermatophagia typically chew the skin surrounding their fingernails and joints. They also chew on the bottom of their feet/toes, inside of their mouth, cheeks, and/or lips, causing blisters in and outside of the mouth.
Dermatillomania (picking of the skin) of the knuckles (via mouth), illustrating disfiguration of the distal and proximal joints of the middle and little fingers Body-focused repetitive behavior ( BFRB ) is an umbrella name for impulse control [1] behaviors involving compulsively damaging one's physical appearance or causing physical injury.
Nail biting; Pulling hair; Chewing fingers (in extreme cases, leading to amputation) Possible causes. This section will focus on the causes for autophagia in humans. There is no single primary cause for autophagia.
Damaged cuticles, damaged nails, hangnails, etc. Nail biting, also known as onychophagy or onychophagia, is an oral compulsive habit of biting one's fingernails. It is sometimes described as a parafunctional activity, the common use of the mouth for an activity other than speaking, eating, or drinking. Nail biting is very common, especially ...
Excoriation disorder, more commonly known as dermatillomania, is a mental disorder on the obsessive–compulsive spectrum that is characterized by the repeated urge or impulse to pick at one's own skin, to the extent that either psychological or physical damage is caused. [4] [5]
Lesch–Nyhan syndrome. Lesch–Nyhan syndrome ( LNS) is a rare inherited disorder caused by a deficiency of the enzyme hypoxanthine-guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT). This deficiency occurs due to mutations in the HPRT1 gene located on the X chromosome. LNS affects about 1 in 380,000 live births. [3]
Tardive dyskinesia ( TD) is a disorder that results in involuntary repetitive body movements, which may include grimacing, sticking out the tongue or smacking the lips. [1] Additionally, there may be chorea or slow writhing movements. [1] In about 20% of people with TD, the disorder interferes with daily functioning. [3]
Russell's sign, named after British psychiatrist Gerald Russell, is a sign [1] defined as calluses on the knuckles [2] or back of the hand due to repeated self-induced vomiting over long periods of time. The condition generally arises from the patient's knuckles making contact with the incisor teeth during the act of inducing the gag reflex at ...
Coffin–Lowry syndrome is an X-linked disorder resulting from loss-of-function mutations in the RPS6KA3 gene, which encodes RSK2 ( ribosomal S6 kinase 2). Multiple mutations have been identified in RPS6KA3 that can give rise to the disorder, including missense mutations, nonsense mutations, insertions and deletions.
Hyperkinesia refers to an increase in muscular activity that can result in excessive abnormal movements, excessive normal movements, or a combination of both. [1] Hyperkinesia is a state of excessive restlessness which is featured in a large variety of disorders that affect the ability to control motor movement, such as Huntington's disease.