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  2. Charoite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Charoite

    Charoite is translucent lavender to purple in color with a pearly luster. Charoite is strictly massive in nature, and fractures are conchoidal. It has an unusual swirling, fibrous appearance, sometimes chatoyant, and that, along with its intense color, can lead many to believe at first that it is synthetic or enhanced artificially.

  3. Lapis lazuli - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lapis_Lazuli

    A mixture of other minerals, often including pyrite. Lapis lazuli (UK: / ˌlæpɪs ˈlæz (j) ʊli, ˈlæʒʊ -, - ˌli /; US: / ˈlæz (j) əli, ˈlæʒə -, - ˌli /), or lapis for short, is a deep-blue metamorphic rock used as a semi-precious stone that has been prized since antiquity for its intense color.

  4. Tanzanite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tanzanite

    Pleochroism. Present, dichroism or trichroism, depending on heat treatment. Tanzanite is the blue and violet variety of the mineral zoisite (a calcium aluminium hydroxyl sorosilicate), caused by small amounts of vanadium. [3] Tanzanite belongs to the epidote mineral group. Tanzanite is only found in Simanjiro District of Manyara Region in ...

  5. Amethyst - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Amethyst

    Amethyst was used as a gemstone by the ancient Egyptians and was largely employed in antiquity for intaglio engraved gems. [22] The ancient Greeks believed amethyst gems could prevent intoxication, [23] while medieval European soldiers wore amethyst amulets as protection in battle in the belief that amethysts heal people and keep them cool-headed.

  6. Ametrine - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ametrine

    Ametrine, also known as trystine or by its trade name as bolivianite, is a naturally occurring variety of quartz. It is a mixture of amethyst and citrine with zones of purple and yellow or orange. Almost all commercially available ametrine is mined in Bolivia. The colour of the zones visible within ametrine are due to differing oxidation states ...

  7. List of gemstones by species - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/List_of_gemstones_by_species

    This is a list of gemstones, organized by species and types. Minerals. There are over 300 types of minerals that have been used as gemstones. Such as: A–B

  8. Sugilite - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sugilite

    Sugilite. Sugilite (/ ˈsuːɡəlaɪt, - dʒi -/ SOO-gə-lyte, -⁠jee-) [2][3] is a relatively rare pink to purple cyclosilicate mineral with the complex chemical formula K Na 2 (Fe, Mn, Al) 2 Li 3 Si 12 O 30. Sugilite crystallizes in the hexagonal system with prismatic crystals. The crystals are rarely found and the form is usually massive.

  9. Opal - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Opal

    Opal is a hydrated amorphous form of silica (SiO 2 · n H 2 O); its water content may range from 3% to 21% by weight, but is usually between 6% and 10%. Due to its amorphous property, it is classified as a mineraloid, unlike crystalline forms of silica, which are considered minerals. It is deposited at a relatively low temperature and may occur ...

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