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According to CIPA guidelines, 35 mm equivalent focal length is to be calculated like this: "Converted focal length into 35 mm camera" = (Diagonal distance of image area in the 35 mm camera (43.27 mm) / Diagonal distance of image area on the image sensor of the DSC) × focal length of the lens of the DSC.
Angle of view can also be determined using FOV tables or paper or software lens calculators. [5] Log-log graphs of focal length vs crop factor vs diagonal, horizontal and vertical angles of view for film or sensors of 3:2 and 4:3 aspect ratios.
The lens aperture is usually specified as an f-number, the ratio of focal length to effective aperture diameter (the diameter of the entrance pupil). A lens typically has a set of marked "f-stops" that the f-number can be set to. A lower f-number denotes a greater aperture which allows more light to reach the film or image sensor.
In digital photography, the image sensor format is the shape and size of the image sensor . The image sensor format of a digital camera determines the angle of view of a particular lens when used with a particular sensor. Because the image sensors in many digital cameras are smaller than the 24 mm × 36 mm image area of full-frame 35 mm cameras ...
Flange focal distance. For an interchangeable lens camera, the flange focal distance ( FFD) (also known as the flange-to-film distance, flange focal depth, flange back distance ( FBD ), flange focal length ( FFL ), back focus [1] or register, depending on the usage and source) of a lens mount system is the distance from the mounting flange (the ...
f-number. Diagram of decreasing apertures, that is, increasing f-numbers, in one-stop increments; each aperture has half the light-gathering area of the previous one. An f-number is a measure of the light-gathering ability of an optical system such as a camera lens. It is calculated by dividing the system's focal length by the diameter of the ...
A fast , the Canon 50mm 1.4 (left), and a slower zoom lens, the Canon 18–55mm 3.5–5.6 (right); this lens is faster at 18mm than it is at 55mm. Lens speed is the maximum aperture diameter, or minimum f-number, of a photographic lens. A lens with a larger than average maximum aperture (that is, a smaller minimum f-number) is called a "fast ...
Exposure value is a base-2 logarithmic scale defined by ( Ray 2000, 318 ): where. N is the f-number. t is the exposure time ("shutter speed") in seconds [2] EV 0 corresponds to an exposure time of 1 s and an aperture of f/1.0 . If the EV is known, it can be used to select combinations of exposure time and f-number, as shown in Table 1.
Three S-mount lenses with different focal lengths (left to right: 16 mm, 6 mm and 8 mm) The S-mount is a standard lens mount used in various surveillance CCTV cameras and webcams . It uses a male metric M12 thread with 0.5 mm pitch on the lens and a corresponding female thread on the lens mount.
A zoom lens is a system of camera lens elements for which the focal length (and thus angle of view) can be varied, as opposed to a fixed-focal-length (FFL) lens ( prime lens ). A true zoom lens or optical zoom lens is a type of parfocal lens, one that maintains focus when its focal length changes. [1] Most consumer zoom lenses do not maintain ...