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Femoroacetabular impingement (FAI) is a condition involving one or more anatomical abnormalities of the hip joint, which is a ball and socket joint. [1] It is a common cause of hip pain and discomfort in young and middle-aged adults. [2] It occurs when the ball shaped femoral head contacts the acetabulum abnormally or does not permit a normal ...
1 in 1,000 (term babies) [3] Hip dysplasia is an abnormality of the hip joint where the socket portion does not fully cover the ball portion, resulting in an increased risk for joint dislocation. [1] Hip dysplasia may occur at birth or develop in early life. [1] Regardless, it does not typically produce symptoms in babies less than a year old. [3]
A hip dislocation is when the thighbone ( femur) separates from the hip bone ( pelvis ). [1] Specifically it is when the ball–shaped head of the femur ( femoral head) separates from its cup–shaped socket in the hip bone, known as the acetabulum. [1] The joint of the femur and pelvis ( hip joint) is very stable, secured by both bony and soft ...
Medical genetics. Proximal femoral focal deficiency ( PFFD ), also known as Congenital Femoral Deficiency ( CFD ), [1] is a rare, non-hereditary birth defect that affects the pelvis, particularly the hip bone, and the proximal femur. The disorder may affect one side or both, with the hip being deformed and the leg shortened.
Coxa vara. Coxa vara is a deformity of the hip, whereby the angle between the head and the shaft of the femur is reduced to less than 120 degrees. This results in the leg being shortened and the development of a limp. It may be congenital and is commonly caused by injury, such as a fracture. It can also occur when the bone tissue in the neck of ...
Frequency. 1/25,000 in boys and 1/100,000 in girls. Legg–Calvé–Perthes disease ( LCPD) is a childhood hip disorder initiated by a disruption of blood flow to the head of the femur. Due to the lack of blood flow, the bone dies ( osteonecrosis or avascular necrosis) and stops growing. Over time, healing occurs by new blood vessels ...
Coxa valga. Coxa valga is a deformity of the hip where the angle formed between the head and neck of the femur and its shaft is increased, usually above 135 degrees. The differential diagnosis includes neuromuscular disorders (i.e. cerebral palsy, spinal dysraphism, poliomyelitis), skeletal dysplasias, and juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
A varus deformity is an excessive inward angulation ( medial angulation, that is, towards the body's midline) of the distal segment of a bone or joint. The opposite of varus is called valgus . The terms varus and valgus always refer to the direction that the distal segment of the joint points. For example, in a valgus deformity of the knee, the ...