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Thus a prism of 1 Δ would produce 1 cm visible displacement at 100 cm, or 1 meter. This can be represented mathematically as: = where is the amount of prism correction in prism dioptres, and is the angle of deviation of the light.
Amblyopia. Anisometropia is a condition in which a person's eyes have substantially differing refractive power. [1] Generally, a difference in power of one diopter (1D) is the threshold for diagnosis of the condition . [2] [3] Patients may have up to 3D of anisometropia before the condition becomes clinically significant due to headache, eye ...
Esotropia is a form of strabismus in which one or both eyes turn inward. The condition can be constantly present, or occur intermittently, and can give the affected individual a "cross-eyed" appearance. [1] It is the opposite of exotropia and usually involves more severe axis deviation than esophoria. Esotropia is sometimes erroneously called ...
Brix. Degrees Brix (symbol °Bx) is a measure of the dissolved solids in a liquid, and is commonly used to measure dissolved sugar content of an aqueous solution. [1] One degree Brix is 1 gram of sucrose in 100 grams of solution and represents the strength of the solution as percentage by mass. If the solution contains dissolved solids other ...
Nuclear physics. In nuclear physics, the semi-empirical mass formula ( SEMF) (sometimes also called the Weizsäcker formula, Bethe–Weizsäcker formula, or Bethe–Weizsäcker mass formula to distinguish it from the Bethe–Weizsäcker process) is used to approximate the mass of an atomic nucleus from its number of protons and neutrons.
The δ values and absolute isotope ratios of common reference materials are summarized in Table 1 and described in more detail below. Alternative values for the absolute isotopic ratios of reference materials, differing only modestly from those in Table 1, are presented in Table 2.5 of Sharp (2007) (a text freely available online), as well as Table 1 of the 1993 IAEA report on isotopic ...
In this case, a correction factor in the numerator is necessary:: 248 : 123 [ α ] λ T = 100 × α l × c {\displaystyle [\alpha ]_{\lambda }^{T}={\frac {100\times \alpha }{l\times c}}} When using this equation, the concentration and the solvent may be provided in parentheses after the rotation.
Use of Møller–Plesset perturbation methods. Second (MP2), [3] third (MP3), [4] [5] and fourth (MP4) [6] order Møller–Plesset calculations are standard levels used in calculating small systems and are implemented in many computational chemistry codes.
In stereochemistry, enantiomeric excess ( ee) is a measurement of purity used for chiral substances. It reflects the degree to which a sample contains one enantiomer in greater amounts than the other. A racemic mixture has an ee of 0%, while a single completely pure enantiomer has an ee of 100%. A sample with 70% of one enantiomer and 30% of ...
The formula for degree of unsaturation is: where ni is the number of atoms with valence vi. [2] That is, an atom that has a valence of x contributes a total of x − 2 to the degree of unsaturation. The result is then halved and increased by 1.