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A fixation disparity is not constant within a certain observer, but can vary depending on the viewing conditions. If test prisms with increasing amount are placed in front of the observer’s eyes, the fixation disparity changes in the eso direction with base-in prisms and in the exo direction with base-out prisms (Fig. 3).
The prism cover test (PCT) is an objective method to measure ocular misalignment or strabismus. It involves using prism bars, occluder and targets to neutralise the deviation and record the angle and base of the prism.
Exophoria is a tendency of the eyes to deviate outward, usually mild and with fusion possible. It can be caused by refractive errors, divergence excess, or convergence insufficiency, and is common in infancy and childhood.
The Maddox rod test is a subjective method to measure horizontal and vertical deviations of the eyes, using a red line and a white light. The double Maddox rod test can also assess torsion and cyclotropias, by comparing the angles of two red lines.
This web page provides a comprehensive list of abbreviations used by optometrists to denote various clinical conditions, examination techniques and findings, and treatment methods. The term "ou eye" is not included in the list, but it may refer to the oculus uterque (both eyes) abbreviation.
The prism fusion range (PFR) or fusional vergence amplitude is a clinical eye test performed by orthoptists, optometrists, and ophthalmologists to assess motor fusion, specifically the extent to which a patient can maintain binocular single vision in the presence of increasing vergence demands.
A cover test is an objective determination of the presence and amount of ocular deviation, such as strabismus or phoria. It involves covering and uncovering one eye while observing the movement of the other eye with a fixation target at different distances.
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