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  2. Aortic valve replacement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Aortic_valve_replacement

    Aortic valve replacement is a cardiac surgery procedure whereby a failing aortic valve is replaced with an artificial heart valve.The aortic valve may need to be replaced because of aortic regurgitation (back flow), or if the valve is narrowed by stenosis.

  3. John Charnley - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/John_Charnley

    Sir John Charnley, CBE, FRS [1] (29 August 1911 – 5 August 1982) was an English orthopaedic surgeon.He pioneered the hip replacement operation, [4] which is now one of the most common operations both in the UK and elsewhere in the world, and created the "Wrightington centre for hip surgery".

  4. Retinal implant - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Retinal_implant

    The most recent ARGUS II device contains 60 electrodes, and a 200 electrode device is under development by ophthalmologists and engineers at the USC Eye Institute. [15] The ARGUS II device received marketing approval in February 2011 (CE Mark demonstrating safety and performance), and it is available in Germany, France, Italy, and UK.

  5. Knee replacement - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Knee_replacement

    Knee replacement, also known as knee arthroplasty, is a surgical procedure to replace the weight-bearing surfaces of the knee joint to relieve pain and disability, most commonly offered when joint pain is not diminished by conservative sources.

  6. Organ-on-a-chip - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Organ-on-a-chip

    Microfluidic devices support high-throughput screening and toxicological assessments in both 2D and slice cultures, leading to the development of novel therapeutics targeted for the brain. [8] One device was able to screen the drugs pitavastatin and irinotecan combinatorically in glioblastoma multiform (the most common form of human brain ...

  7. Orthotics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Orthotics

    A pair of AFO (Ankle Foot Orthosis) braces being used to aid bilateral foot drop. Orthotics (Greek: Ορθός, romanized: ortho, lit. 'to straighten, to align') is a medical specialty that focuses on the design and application of orthoses, sometimes known as braces or calipers. [1]