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Stainless steel, also known as inox, corrosion-resistant steel (CRES) and rustless steel, is an alloy of iron that is resistant to rusting and corrosion. It contains iron with chromium and other elements such as molybdenum , carbon , nickel and nitrogen depending on its specific use and cost.
Austenitic stainless steel is one of the five classes of stainless steel by crystalline structure (along with ferritic, martensitic, duplex and precipitation hardened). Its primary crystalline structure is austenite ( face-centered cubic ) and it prevents steels from being hardenable by heat treatment and makes them essentially non-magnetic. [2]
SAE 304 stainless steel is the most common stainless steel. It is an alloy of iron, carbon, chromium and nickel. It is an austenitic stainless steel, and is therefore not magnetic. It is less electrically and thermally conductive than carbon steel.
SAE 316 stainless steel is a molybdenum - alloyed steel and the second most common austenitic stainless steel (after grade 304 ). It is the preferred steel for use in marine environments because of its greater resistance to pitting corrosion than most other grades of steel without molybdenum. [1]
Martensitic stainless steel is a type of stainless steel alloy that has a martensite crystal structure. It can be hardened and tempered through aging and heat treatment. [1] [2] [3] [4] The other main types of stainless steel are austenitic, ferritic, duplex, and precipitation hardened. [5]
Surgical stainless steel is a grade of stainless steel used in biomedical applications. The most common "surgical steels" are austenitic SAE 316 stainless and martensitic SAE 440, SAE 420, and 17-4 stainless steels.
Precipitation hardening, also called age hardening or particle hardening, is a heat treatment technique used to increase the yield strength of malleable materials, including most structural alloys of aluminium, magnesium, nickel, titanium, and some steels, stainless steels, and duplex stainless steel. In superalloys, it is known to cause yield ...
Ferritic stainless steel. Ferritic stainless steel (SUS445J2) is used for the roof exterior of the Kyocera Dome Osaka, Japan. [1] Ferritic stainless steel [2] [3] forms one of the five stainless steel families, the other four being austenitic, martensitic, duplex stainless steels, and precipitation hardened. [4]
Piano wire; ASTM 228 Steel: 1590–3340: 7.8: 204–428: Polylactic acid; polylactide; PLA: 53: 1.24: 43: Low carbon steel (AISI 1010) 365: 7.87: 46.4: 4.73: Stainless steel (304) 505: 8.00: 63.1: 6.4: Maraging steel (18Ni(350)) 2450: 8.2: 298.78: 29.7: Brass: 580: 8.55: 67.8: 6.91: Nylon: 78: 1.13: 69.0: 7.04: Titanium: 344: 4.51: 76: 7.75 ...
The American Iron and Steel Institute (AISI) is a trade association of North American steel producers. Including its predecessor organizations, it is one of the oldest trade associations in the United States, dating back to 1855. It assumed its present form in 1908, with Judge Elbert H. Gary, chairman of the United States Steel Corporation, as ...