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The papal tiara is a crown that is worn by popes of the Catholic Church from as early as the 8th century to the mid–20th century. It was last used by Pope Paul VI in 1963, and only at the beginning of his reign.
The Napoleon Tiara was a papal tiara given to Pope Pius VII in June 1805 [1] a few months after he presided at the coronation of Napoleon I and Joséphine de Beauharnais. While lavishly decorated with jewels, it was deliberately too small and heavy to be worn and meant as an insult to the Pope.
The origins of the papal tiara remain somewhat nebulous and clouded in mystery, first appearing in the Early Middle Ages, but developing a recognizable form in the High Middle Ages, after the Great Schism of 1054. The word tiara itself occurs in the classical annals to denote a Persian headdress, particularly that of the "great king".
Official seal of the Holy See. [1] The crossed keys symbolise the keys of Simon Peter. The keys are gold and silver to represent the power of loosing and binding. The triple crown (the tiara) symbolizes the triple power of the Pope as "father of kings", "governor of the world" and "Vicar of Christ".
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Tiara. It was anticipated that Paul VI would be crowned with the gem-studded but lightweight Palatine tiara, presented to Pius IX by the Palatine Guard in 1877 on the 30th anniversary of his episcopal consecration, [2] [7] [8] and used for all coronations from Leo XIII in 1878 to John XXIII in 1958. [7]
A depiction of the gematria principle employed by Andreas Helwig in 1612. An example of a papal tiara. The Protestant writer Andreas Helwig suggested that Vicarius Filii Dei was an expansion of the historical title Vicarius Christi, rather than an official title used by the Popes themselves. His interpretation did not become common until about ...
A papal coronation is the formal ceremony of the placing of the papal tiara on a newly elected pope. The first recorded papal coronation was of Pope Nicholas I in 858. [2] The most recent was the 1963 coronation of Paul VI , who soon afterwards abandoned the practice of wearing the tiara.
Papal coats of arms are traditionally shown with an image of the papal tiara and the keys of Peter as an external ornament of the escutcheon. The tiara is usually set above the escutcheon, while the keys are in saltire, passing behind it (formerly also en cimier, below the tiara and above the shield).
Banner of the Swiss Guard, with the coat-of-arms of Pope Benedict XVI modified to include the papal tiara. Traditionally, a pope's coat of arms was externally adorned only by the three-tiered papal tiara with lappets and the crossed keys of Saint Peter with a cord.