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Dermatophagia. Dermatophagia (from Ancient Greek δέρμα — lit. skin and φαγεία lit. eating) or dermatodaxia (from δήξις, lit. biting) [3] is a compulsion disorder of gnawing or biting one's own skin, most commonly at the fingers. This action can either be conscious or unconscious [4] and it is considered to be a type of pica.
Excoriation disorder, more commonly known as dermatillomania, is a mental disorder on the obsessive–compulsive spectrum that is characterized by the repeated urge or impulse to pick at one's own skin, to the extent that either psychological or physical damage is caused. [4] [5]
Nail biting, also known as onychophagy or onychophagia, is an oral compulsive habit of biting one's fingernails. It is sometimes described as a parafunctional activity, the common use of the mouth for an activity other than speaking, eating, or drinking. Nail biting is very common, especially amongst children. 25–35 percent of children bite ...
Dermatophagia, skin nibbling; Mouth Morsicatio buccarum, cheek biting; Morsicatio labiorum, inner lip biting; Morsicatio linguarum, tongue biting; Nails Onychophagia, nail biting; Onychotillomania, nail picking; Nose Rhinotillexomania, compulsive nose picking; Hair Trichophagia, hair nibbling; Trichotemnomania, hair cutting; Trichotillomania ...
Treatment is typically with antifungal creams such as clotrimazole or miconazole. If the scalp is involved, antifungals by mouth such as fluconazole may be needed. Dermatophytosis has spread globally, and up to 20% of the world's population may be infected by it at any given time.
Treatment. Tinea corpora (body), tinea manus (hands), tinea cruris (groin), tinea pedis (foot) and tinea facie (face) can be treated topically. Tinea unguum (nails) usually will require oral treatment with terbinafine, itraconizole, or griseofulvin. Griseofulvin is usually not as effective as terbinafine or itraconizole.
Other forms of pica include dermatophagia, [7] and compulsion of eating one's own hair, which can form a hairball in the stomach. Left untreated, this can cause death due to excessive hair buildup. [8] Self-cannibalism can be a form of self-harm and a symptom of a mental disorder. [4]
Each of these treatments worked with varying effectiveness. Hence, no single treatment option will have guaranteed effectiveness. Treatment options for autophagia include: Gloves can be worn as treatment for autophagia, working as a physical barrier between mouth and skin Environmental modification
Noma (also known as gangrenous stomatitis or cancrum oris) is a rapidly progressive and often fatal gangrenous infection of the mouth and face. Noma usually begins as an ulcer on gums and rapidly spreads into the jawbone, cheek, and soft tissues of the face. This is followed by death of the facial tissues and fatal sepsis.
Treatment. Dermographism can be treated by substances which prevent histamine from causing the reaction (i.e. an antihistamine). These may need to be given as a combination of H 1 antagonists, or possibly with an H 2-receptor antagonist such as cimetidine. Over-the-counter vitamin C, 1000 mg daily, increases histamine degradation and removal.