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A computed tomography urography ( CT urography or CT urogram) is a computed tomography scan that examines the urinary tract after contrast dye is injected into a vein.
A computed tomography scan ( CT scan; formerly called computed axial tomography scan or CAT scan) is a medical imaging technique used to obtain detailed internal images of the body. [2] The personnel that perform CT scans are called radiographers or radiology technologists.
Three-dimensional reconstructed CT scan image of a ureteral stent in the left kidney (indicated by yellow arrow). There is a kidney stone in the pyelum of the lower pole of the kidney (higher red arrow) and one in the ureter beside the stent (lower red arrow).
The choice of imaging depends on the clinical presentation (history, symptoms and examination findings). In the case of renal colic (one sided loin pain usually accompanied by a trace of blood in the urine) the initial investigation is usually a spiral or helical CT scan.
Renal stones, appendicitis, pancreatitis, diverticulitis, abdominal aortic aneurysm, and bowel obstruction are conditions that are readily diagnosed and assessed with CT. CT is also the first line for detecting solid organ injury after trauma.
A full-body scan is a scan of the patient's entire body as part of the diagnosis or treatment of illnesses. If computed tomography ( CAT) scan technology is used, it is known as a full-body CT scan, though many medical imaging technologies can perform full-body scans.
It can also be used ureteroscopy, or to delineate renal anatomy in preparation for surgery. Retrograde pyelography is generally done when an intravenous excretory study ( intravenous pyelogram or contrast CT scan) cannot be done because of renal disease or allergy to intravenous contrast.
Urethrogram showing an urethra stricture in a man. A retrograde urethrography [1] is a routine radiologic procedure (most typically in males) used to image the integrity of the urethra . Hence a retrograde urethrogram is essential for diagnosis of urethral injury, or urethral stricture. [2] [3]
Unlike a kidneys, ureters, and bladder x-ray (KUB), which is a plain (that is, noncontrast) radiograph, an IVP uses contrast to highlight the urinary tract. [43] CT urography (CTU) is commonly used in the evaluation of hematuria, and specifically tailored to image the renal collecting system, ureters and bladder in addition to the renal parenchyma.
Ultrasound imaging is useful for detecting stones in situations where X-rays or CT scans are discouraged, such as in children or pregnant women. [66] Despite these advantages, renal ultrasonography in 2009 was not considered a substitute for noncontrast helical CT scan in the initial diagnostic evaluation of urolithiasis. [65]