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Applications and experiments. The Hong–Ou–Mandel effect can be used to test the degree of indistinguishability of the two incoming photons. When the HOM dip reaches all the way down to zero coincident counts, the incoming photons are perfectly indistinguishable, whereas if there is no dip, the photons are distinguishable.
e. Wheeler's delayed-choice experiment describes a family of thought experiments in quantum physics proposed by John Archibald Wheeler, with the most prominent among them appearing in 1978 and 1984. [1] These experiments are attempts to decide whether light somehow "senses" the experimental apparatus in the double-slit experiment it travels ...
These experiments typically achieve only percent-level accuracy, but their results are consistent with the precise measurements available at lower energies. The cross section for e + e − → e + e − e + e − yields α −1 = 136.5(2.7), and the cross section for e + e − → e + e − μ + μ − yields α −1 = 139.9(1.2). Condensed ...
In physics, quantum tunnelling, barrier penetration, or simply tunnelling is a quantum mechanical phenomenon in which an object such as an electron or atom passes through a potential energy barrier that, according to classical mechanics, should not be passable due to the object not having sufficient energy to pass or surmount the barrier.
Experimental uncertainty analysis is a technique that analyses a derived quantity, based on the uncertainties in the experimentally measured quantities that are used in some form of mathematical relationship ("model") to calculate that derived quantity. The model used to convert the measurements into the derived quantity is usually based on ...
q1 (for helium) = 2 × 1.6 × 10−19 C = 3.2 × 10−19 C. q2 (for gold) = 79 × 1.6 × 10−19 C = 1.27 × 10−17 C. v (initial velocity) = 2 × 107 m/s (for this example) The distance from the alpha particle to the center of the nucleus ( rmin) at this point is an upper limit for the nuclear radius.
Faraday effect. The Faraday effect or Faraday rotation, sometimes referred to as the magneto-optic Faraday effect ( MOFE ), [1] is a physical magneto-optical phenomenon. The Faraday effect causes a polarization rotation which is proportional to the projection of the magnetic field along the direction of the light propagation.
Prentice's rule, named so after the optician Charles F. Prentice, is a formula used to determine the amount of induced prism in a lens: = where: P is the amount of prism correction (in prism dioptres) c is decentration (the distance between the pupil centre and the lens's optical centre, in millimetres)
Rossi and Hall confirmed the formulas for relativistic momentum and time dilation in a qualitative manner. Knowing the momentum and lifetime of moving muons enabled them to compute their mean proper lifetime too – they obtained ≈ 2.4 μs (modern experiments improved this result to ≈ 2.2 μs). Frisch–Smith experiment
Experimental physics is a branch of physics that is concerned with data acquisition, data-acquisition methods, and the detailed conceptualization (beyond simple thought experiments) and realization of laboratory experiments. It is often contrasted with theoretical physics, which is more concerned with predicting and explaining the physical ...