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The International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia (ICTY) declared that "systematic rape" and "sexual enslavement" in time of war was a crime against humanity, second only to the war crime of genocide.
Under Orders: War Crimes in Kosovo (Human Right Watch) ICTY: Indictment of Milutinović et al. , "Kosovo", September 5 2002 Report of the UN Secretary-General, January 31, 1999
Austro-Hungarian soldiers executing men and women in Serbia, 1916 [12]. After being occupied completely in early 1916, both Austria-Hungary and Bulgaria announced that Serbia had ceased to exist as a political entity, and that its inhabitants could therefore not invoke the international rules of war dictating the treatment of civilians as defined by the Geneva Conventions and the Hague ...
The end of the war saw the Circassian genocide take place [I] in which Imperial Russia aimed to systematically destroy the Circassian people [108] [109] [110] where several war crimes were committed by the Russian forces [111] and up to 1.5 million Circassians were killed or expelled to the Middle East, especially modern-day Turkey. [101]
War crimes witnesses to the Kosovo War (1998–99) have been victims to threats, violence, and murder.Those who spoke out about the abuses of their side in the conflict were seen as traitors to their community, and therefore, only a few became witnesses in war crime trials.
According to chief judge Richard May from the United Kingdom, the International Criminal Tribunal for the former Yugoslavia issued an indictment against Ražnatović on 30 September 1997 for war crimes of genocide or massacre against the Bosniak population, crimes against humanity and grave breaches of the Geneva Conventions. [36]
Clockwise from top left: The central street of Dubrovnik, the Stradun, in ruins during the Siege of Dubrovnik; the damaged Vukovar water tower, a symbol of the early conflict, flying the Flag of Croatia; the Vukovar Memorial Cemetery; a Serbian T-55 tank destroyed on the road to Drniš; soldiers of the Croatian Army preparing to destroy a Serb tank; A destroyed Yugoslav People's Army tank
Following the Kosovo war, 200,000 to 245,000 Serb, Roma, Ashkali and Egyptian people fled into Serbia proper or within Kosovo, [99] fearing revenge, and due to severe violence and terrorist attacks against mostly Serbian civilians after the war [100] amounting to about 700,000 displaced or refugees in that country. [101]