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In the technical terminology of gemology, dispersion is the difference in the refractive index of a material at the B and G (686.7 nm and 430.8 nm) or C and F (656.3 nm and 486.1 nm) Fraunhofer wavelengths, and is meant to express the degree to which a prism cut from the gemstone demonstrates "fire". Fire is a colloquial term used by ...
Faxén's law is a correction to Stokes' law for the friction on spherical objects in a viscous fluid, valid where the object moves close to a wall of the container. [4]
Gravity is computed on the ellipsoid surface using the International Gravity Formula. For studies of subsurface structure, the free-air anomaly is further adjusted by a correction for the mass below the measurement point and above the reference of mean sea level or a local datum elevation. [3] This defines the Bouguer anomaly.
In physical terms, the divergence of a vector field is the extent to which the vector field flux behaves like a source at a given point. It is a local measure of its "outgoingness" – the extent to which there are more of the field vectors exiting from an infinitesimal region of space than entering it.
Figure 2. A guided wave Sagnac interferometer, or fibre optic gyroscope, can be realized using an optical fiber in a single or multiple loops.. Typically three or more mirrors are used, so that counter-propagating light beams follow a closed path such as a triangle or square (Fig. 1).
In physics, reduced mass is a measure of the effective inertial mass of a system with two or more particles when the particles are interacting with each other. Reduced mass allows the two-body problem to be solved as if it were a one-body problem.
Gamma correction or gamma is a nonlinear operation used to encode and decode luminance or tristimulus values in video or still image systems. [1] Gamma correction is, in the simplest cases, defined by the following power-law expression: =,
The solid angle of a sphere measured from any point in its interior is 4 π sr, and the solid angle subtended at the center of a cube by one of its faces is one-sixth of that, or 2 π /3 sr. Solid angles can also be measured in square degrees (1 sr = (180/ π) 2 square degrees), in square arc-minutes and square arc-seconds, or in fractions of ...