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International law recognizes a right of self-defence according to the Chapter VII, Article 51 of the UN Charter, as the International Court of Justice (ICJ) affirmed in the Nicaragua Case on the use of force Some commentators believe that the effect of Article 51 is only to preserve this right when an armed attack occurs, and that other acts of self-defence are banned by article 2(4).
Customary international law. Customary international law is an aspect of international law involving the principle of custom. Along with general principles of law and treaties, custom is considered by the International Court of Justice, jurists, the United Nations, and its member states to be among the primary sources of international law.
Blockade. A blockade is the act of actively preventing a country or region from receiving or sending out food, supplies, weapons, or communications, and sometimes people, by military force . A blockade differs from an embargo or sanction, which are legal barriers to trade rather than physical barriers.
Nuremberg principles. Group of defendants at the Nuremberg trials, from which the Nuremberg principals were established. The Nuremberg principles are a set of guidelines for determining what constitutes a war crime. The document was created by the International Law Commission of the United Nations to codify the legal principles underlying the ...
Jus ad bellum. Jus ad bellum ( / juːs / YOOS or / dʒʌs / ), literally "right to war" in Latin, refers to "the conditions under which States may resort to war or to the use of armed force in general". [1] This is distinct from the set of rules that ought to be followed during a war, known as jus in bello, which govern the behavior of parties ...
International law and Gaza War (2008–2009) Accusations of violations regarding international humanitarian law, which governs the actions by belligerents during an armed conflict, have been directed at both Israel and Hamas for their actions during the 2008–2009 Gaza War. The accusations covered violating laws governing distinction and ...
Occupation and the laws of war. A dominant principle that guided combatants through much of history was "to the victory belong the spoils". Emer de Vattel, in The Law of Nations (1758), presented an early codification of the distinction between annexation of territory and military occupation, the latter being regarded as temporary, due to the natural right of states to their "continued existence".
In 1950, the International Law Commission drafted the Nuremberg principles to codify international criminal law, although the Cold War prevented the adoption of these principles until the 1990s. The 1948 Genocide Convention was much more restricted than Lemkin's original concept and its effectiveness was further limited by Cold War politics.