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Mersenne Twister is a PRNG developed in 1997 by Matsumoto and Nishimura, using a Mersenne prime as its period length. It has various versions, variants and applications in cryptography, graphics and games.
Learn about the format, types, and area codes of telephone numbers in Japan. Most numbers are 10 digits long, except for special numbers (3 digits) and non-geographic numbers (10 or 11 digits).
Cipher algorithms and cryptographic hashes can be used as very high-quality pseudorandom number generators. However, generally they are considerably slower (typically by a factor 2–10) than fast, non-cryptographic random number generators.
Learn about the history and usage of fictitious telephone numbers, especially the common (XXX) 555-xxxx format in North America. Find out how some fictitious numbers have become real or famous in movies, music and culture.
A hardware random number generator (HRNG) is a device that generates random numbers from a physical process capable of producing entropy. Learn about the history, uses, and types of HRNGs, and how they differ from pseudorandom number generators (PRNGs).
The Individual Number Card is an optional identity document issued to citizens of Japan and some foreign-residents. It stores personal information and is linked to the 12-digit Individual Number, which is used for various purposes such as health insurance and taxation.
Pachinko is a mechanical game similar to pinball, but with steel balls and catchers. It is a popular form of low-stakes gambling in Japan, with over 7 million machines worldwide and a market size of 14.6 trillion yen in 2022.
Mojibake (文字化け) is the result of decoding text using an unintended character encoding, causing symbols to be replaced with unrelated ones. Learn about the causes, symptoms, and solutions of mojibake, and see examples of different encodings and languages.