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Scintillating scotoma is a common visual aura that was first described by 19th-century physician Hubert Airy (1838–1903). Originating from the brain, it may precede a migraine headache, but can also occur acephalgically (without headache), also known as visual migraine or migraine aura. [4]
Factors that should prompt consideration of preventive therapy include the occurrence of two or more migraines per month with disability lasting three or more days per month; failure of, contraindication for, or adverse events from acute treatments; use of abortive medication more than twice per week; and uncommon migraine conditions (e.g ...
An aura is a perceptual disturbance experienced by some with epilepsy or migraine. An epileptic aura is actually a minor seizure. Epileptic and migraine auras are due to the involvement of specific areas of the brain, which are those that determine the symptoms of the aura.
The NIH classification of headaches consists of brief, relatively vague glossary-type definitions of a limited number of headaches. [1] It outlines five types of headache: vascular, myogenic (muscle tension), cervicogenic, traction, and inflammatory.
During a migraine attack, changes in blood flow and neurotransmitter levels trigger neurological effects that include visual disturbances, light sensitivity, and other symptoms.
Preventive treatments of migraine include medications, nutritional supplements, lifestyle alterations, and surgery. Prevention is recommended in those who have headaches more than two days a week, cannot tolerate the medications used to treat acute attacks, or those with severe attacks that are not easily controlled.