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The common cold or the cold is a viral infectious disease of the upper respiratory tract that primarily affects the respiratory mucosa of the nose, throat, sinuses, and larynx. Signs and symptoms may appear fewer than two days after exposure to the virus. These may include coughing, sore throat, runny nose, sneezing, headache, and fever.
Rhinoviruses are the primary cause of the common cold. Symptoms include sore throat , runny nose , nasal congestion , sneezing and cough ; sometimes accompanied by muscle aches , fatigue , malaise , headache , muscle weakness , or loss of appetite .
Rhinitis, also known as coryza, is irritation and inflammation of the mucous membrane inside the nose. Common symptoms are a stuffy nose, runny nose, sneezing, and post-nasal drip. The inflammation is caused by viruses, bacteria, irritants or allergens.
Causes. Allergies, like hay fever, allergic reaction to pollen or grass; Common cold, influenza or COVID-19; Rhinitis medicamentosa, a condition of rebound nasal congestion brought on by extended use of topical decongestants (e.g., oxymetazoline, phenylephrine, xylometazoline, and naphazoline nasal sprays) Sinusitis or sinus infection
Human nose. The human nose is the first organ of the respiratory system. It is also the principal organ in the olfactory system. The shape of the nose is determined by the nasal bones and the nasal cartilages, including the nasal septum, which separates the nostrils and divides the nasal cavity into two.
The nasal cycle is the unconscious alternating partial congestion and decongestion of the nasal cavities in humans and other animals. This results in greater airflow through one nostril with periodic alternation between the nostrils.
Some causes of rhinorrhea include: acute sinusitis (nasal and sinus infection), allergies, chronic sinusitis, common cold, coronaviruses (COVID-19), decongestant nasal spray overuse, deviated septum, dry air, eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis, granulomatosis with polyangiitis, hormonal changes, influenza (flu), lodged object ...
Increased mucus production in the upper respiratory tract is a symptom of many common ailments, such as the common cold, and influenza. Nasal mucus may be removed by blowing the nose or by using nasal irrigation.
Nonallergic rhinitis is rhinitis—inflammation of the inner part of the nose—not caused by an allergy. Nonallergic rhinitis displays symptoms including chronic sneezing or having a congested, drippy nose, without an identified allergic reaction. Other common terms for nonallergic rhinitis are vasomotor rhinitis and perennial rhinitis.
Numbness, feeling cold, clumsiness, pale color: Complications: Hypothermia, compartment syndrome: Types: Superficial, deep: Causes: Temperatures below freezing: Risk factors: Alcohol, smoking, mental health problems, certain medications, prior cold injury: Diagnostic method: Based on symptoms: Differential diagnosis: Frostnip, pernio, trench foot