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  2. History of optics - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/History_of_optics

    [45] [47] [48] The English friar Roger Bacon, during the 1260s or 1270s, wrote works on optics, partly based on the works of Arab writers, that described the function of corrective lenses for vision and burning glasses. These volumes were outlines for a larger publication that was never produced, so his ideas never saw mass dissemination.

  3. Optical coating - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Optical_coating

    The unwanted interference effects are suppressed by vapour-depositing a special dielectric coating known as a phase-compensating coating on the roof surfaces of the roof prism. These phase-correction coating or P-coating on the roof surfaces was developed in 1988 by Adolf Weyrauch at Carl Zeiss [6] Other manufacturers followed soon, and since ...

  4. Lens - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lens

    A burning apparatus consisting of two biconvex lens. A lens is a transmissive optical device that focuses or disperses a light beam by means of refraction.A simple lens consists of a single piece of transparent material, while a compound lens consists of several simple lenses (elements), usually arranged along a common axis.

  5. Dispersive prism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dispersive_prism

    A ray trace through a prism with apex angle α. Regions 0, 1, and 2 have indices of refraction, , and , and primed angles ′ indicate the ray's angle after refraction.. Ray angle deviation and dispersion through a prism can be determined by tracing a sample ray through the element and using Snell's law at each interface.

  6. Ophthalmic trial frame - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Ophthalmic_trial_frame

    An ideal trial frame have minimum 3 cells, one each for holding spherical lens, cylindrical lens and other tools like occluder or pinhole. [4] Angle for axis of astigmatism is marked on outermost visible cell There are knobes to adjust pupillary distance, side angle, height and cylindrical lens axis. [5]

  7. Four prism dioptre reflex test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Four_prism_dioptre_reflex_test

    The Four Prism Dioptre Reflex Test (also known as the 4 PRT, or 4 Prism Dioptre Base-out Test) is an objective, non-dissociative test used to prove the alignment of both eyes (i.e. the presence of binocular single vision) by assessing motor fusion. [1]

  8. Stereoscopy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stereoscopy

    Stereoscopy creates the illusion of three-dimensional depth from a pair of two-dimensional images. [5] Human vision, including the perception of depth, is a complex process, which only begins with the acquisition of visual information taken in through the eyes; much processing ensues within the brain, as it strives to make sense of the raw information.

  9. Pinhole occluder - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pinhole_occluder

    An improvised pinhole has a similar but better effect. The same principle has also been applied as an alternative to corrective lenses: a screen of pinholes is mounted on an eyeglass frame and worn as pinhole glasses. Differential diagnosis: pinhole worsen vision: Macular diseases, [5] central lens opacities [6] Vision static with pinhole ...

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