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The B in BK7 indicates that it is a borosilicate glass composition. BAK-4 barium crown glass (glass code 569560) has a higher index of refraction than BK7, and is used for prisms in high-end binoculars. In that application, it gives better image quality and a round exit pupil.
BK7: BSC517642: BSC7: S-BSL7 Barium crown: 1.5688: 56.05 569561: BaK4: MBC569561: BaC4: S-BAL14 Dense crown: 1.6204: 60.32 620603: SK16: DBC620603: BaCD16: S-BSM16 Lanthanum flint: 1.7439: 44.85 744448: LaF2: LAF744447: LaF2: S-LAM2 Dense flint: 1.7847: 25.76 785258: SF11: DEDF785258: FD11: S-TIH11
Borosilicate glass BK7: 1.5046: 0.00420 Hard crown glass K5: 1.5220: 0.00459 Barium crown glass BaK4: 1.5690: 0.00531 Barium flint glass BaF10: 1.6700: 0.00743 Dense flint glass SF10: 1.7280: 0.01342
BK7 (Schott designates it as 517642. The first three digits designate its refractive index [1.517] and the last three designate its Abbe number [64.2]. Its critical angle is 41.2°.) BaK4 (Schott designates it as 569560. The first three digits designate its refractive index [1.569] and the last three designate its Abbe number [56.0].
Refractive index vs. wavelength for BK7 glass, showing measured points (blue crosses) and the Sellmeier equation (red line) Same as the graph above, but with Cauchy's equation (blue line) for comparison. While Cauchy's equation (blue line) deviates significantly from the measured refractive indices outside of the visible region (which is shaded ...
K9 glass. K9 glass, sometimes referred to as K9 crystal, is a variety of optical borosilicate crown glass. The letter "K" is a reference to the German word for "crown" ( Krone) and the number 9 refers to the lead oxide content of the glass (9%). K9 glass has high optical clarity, and is used in many contexts requiring this characteristic.
In optics and lens design, the Abbe number, also known as the V-number or constringence of a transparent material, is an approximate measure of the material's dispersion (change of refractive index versus wavelength), with high values of V indicating low dispersion.
The Four Prism Dioptre Reflex Test (also known as the 4 PRT, or 4 Prism Dioptre Base-out Test) is an objective, non-dissociative test used to prove the alignment of both eyes (i.e. the presence of binocular single vision) by assessing motor fusion.
Crown glasses such as BK7 have a relatively small dispersion (and can be used roughly between 330 and 2500 nm), while flint glasses have a much stronger dispersion for visible light and hence are more suitable for use as dispersive prisms, but their absorption sets on already around 390 nm.
A Schmidt–Pechan prism is a type of optical prism used to rotate an image by 180°. These prisms are commonly used in binoculars as an image erecting system. The Schmidt–Pechan prism makes use of a roof prism section (from the German: "Dachkante", lit. roof edge ). Binoculars designs using Schmidt–Pechan prisms can be constructed more ...