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  2. Hypertropia - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Hypertropia

    Surgical correction. Surgical correction of the hypertropia is desired to achieve binocularity, manage diplopia and/or correct the cosmetic defect. Steps to achieve the same depend on mechanism of the hypertropia and identification of the offending muscles causing the misalignment.

  3. Prism cover test - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Prism_Cover_Test

    This video demonstrates what is involved when performing a prism cover test. Purpose. measuring strabismus. The prism cover test ( PCT) is an objective measurement and the gold standard in measuring strabismus, i.e. ocular misalignment, or a deviation of the eye. [1] It is used by ophthalmologists and orthoptists in order to measure the ...

  4. Strabismus - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strabismus

    Strabismus surgery attempts to align the eyes by shortening, lengthening, or changing the position of one or more of the extraocular eye muscles. The procedure can typically be performed in about an hour, and requires about six to eight weeks for recovery.

  5. Strabismus surgery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Strabismus_surgery

    Esotropias measuring more than 15 prism diopters (PD) and exotropias more than 20 PD that have not responded to refractive correction can be considered candidates for surgery. Techniques Disinserting the medial rectus muscle. The goal of strabismus surgery is to correct misalignment of the eyes.

  6. Otoplasty - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Otoplasty

    Otoplasty (surgery of the ear) was developed in ancient India and is described in the medical compendium, the Sushruta Samhita (Sushruta's Compendium, c. 500 AD).

  7. Maddox rod - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Maddox_rod

    The strength of the prism is increased until the streak of the light passes through the centre of the prism, as the strength of the prism indicates the amount of deviation present. The Maddox rod is a handheld instrument composed of red parallel plano convex cylinder lens , which refracts light rays so that a point source of light is seen as a ...

  8. Endoscopic ear surgery - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Endoscopic_ear_surgery

    To allow this kind of single-handed surgery, different surgical instruments have to be used. Endoscopic visualization has improved due to high-definition video imaging and wide-field endoscopy, and being less invasive, EES is gaining importance as an adjunct to microscopic ear surgery.

  9. Farsightedness - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Farsightedness

    It then becomes more common again after the age of 40, known as presbyopia, affecting about half of people. [4] The best treatment option to correct hypermetropia due to aphakia is IOL implantation. [2] Other common types of refractive errors are near-sightedness, astigmatism, and presbyopia.

  10. EarFold - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/EarFold

    EarFold or EarFold method is a surgical method for pinning protruding ears. In contrast to all the other ear-pinning procedures ( otoplasty ), metal implants are used instead of sutures. As far as the invasiveness of the surgery is concerned, the Earfold method ranks between the open, invasive conventional ear-pinning procedures (6, 7, 8, 9 ...

  11. Sixth nerve palsy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sixth_nerve_palsy

    When the deviation is too large for prismatic correction to be effective, permanent occlusion may be the only option for those unfit or unwilling to have surgery. [ citation needed ] Surgery [ edit ]

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