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  2. Distal trisomy 10q - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Distal_trisomy_10q

    Distal trisomy 10 is a rare chromosomal disorder that causes several physical defects and intellectual disability. [5] Humans, like all sexually reproducing species, have somatic cells that are in diploid [ 2N] state, meaning that N represent the number of chromosomes, and 2 the number of their copies. In humans, there are 23 chromosomes, but ...

  3. Confined placental mosaicism - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Confined_placental_mosaicism

    Confined placental mosaicism (CPM) represents a discrepancy between the chromosomal makeup of the cells in the placenta and the cells in the fetus. CPM was first described by Kalousek and Dill in 1983. [1] CPM is diagnosed when some trisomic cells are detected on chorionic villus sampling and only normal cells are found on a subsequent prenatal ...

  4. 1q21.1 duplication syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1q21.1_duplication_syndrome

    1q21.1 duplication syndrome or 1q21.1 (recurrent) microduplication is a rare aberration of chromosome 1. [citation needed] On chromosome 1, a human cell typically has one pair of identical chromosomes. One copy of chromosome 1 in the 1q21.1 duplication syndrome is overcomplete because a portion of its sequence has been duplicated twice or more.

  5. Microdeletion syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Microdeletion_syndrome

    Microdeletion syndrome. A microdeletion syndrome is a syndrome caused by a chromosomal deletion smaller than 5 million base pairs (5 Mb) spanning several genes that is too small to be detected by conventional cytogenetic methods or high resolution karyotyping (2–5 Mb). [1] [2] Detection is done by fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH).

  6. Miller–Dieker syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Miller–Dieker_syndrome

    Miller–Dieker syndrome, Miller–Dieker lissencephaly syndrome (MDLS), and chromosome 17p13.3 deletion syndrome [1] is a micro deletion syndrome characterized by congenital malformations. Congenital malformations are physical defects detectable in an infant at birth which can involve many different parts of the body including the brain ...

  7. Pallister–Killian syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Pallister–Killian_syndrome

    The Pallister–Killian syndrome (PKS), also termed tetrasomy 12p mosaicism or the Pallister mosaic aneuploidy syndrome, is an extremely rare and severe genetic disorder. PKS is due to the presence of an extra and abnormal chromosome termed a small supernumerary marker chromosome (sSMC). sSMCs contain copies of genetic material from parts of ...

  8. 1q21.1 copy number variations - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/1q21.1_copy_number_variations

    the distal deletion, known as the 1q21.1 deletion syndrome; the distal duplication, known as the 1q21.1 duplication syndrome; The CNVs lead to a very variable phenotype and the manifestations in individuals are quite variable. Some people who have a CNV can function in a normal way, while others have symptoms of mental retardation and various ...

  9. Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Beckwith–Wiedemann_syndrome

    Beckwith–Wiedemann syndrome ( / ˈbɛkˌwɪθ ˈviːdə.mən /; abbreviated BWS) is an overgrowth disorder usually present at birth, characterized by an increased risk of childhood cancer and certain congenital features. A minority (<15%) of cases of BWS are familial, meaning that a close relative may also have BWS, and parents of an affected ...

  10. Uniparental disomy - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Uniparental_disomy

    Medical genetics. Uniparental disomy ( UPD) occurs when a person receives two copies of a chromosome, or of part of a chromosome, from one parent and no copy from the other. [1] UPD can be the result of heterodisomy, in which a pair of non-identical chromosomes are inherited from one parent (an earlier stage meiosis I error) or isodisomy, in ...

  11. Smith–Magenis syndrome - Wikipedia

    en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Smith–Magenis_syndrome

    Smith–Magenis syndrome. Smith–Magenis syndrome ( SMS ), also known as 17p- syndrome, is a microdeletion syndrome characterized by an abnormality in the short (p) arm of chromosome 17. [1] It has features including intellectual disability, facial abnormalities, difficulty sleeping, and numerous behavioral problems such as self-harm.