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Where appropriate, prismatic correction can be used, either temporarily or permanently, to relieve symptoms of double vision. In specific cases, and primarily in adult patients, botulinum toxin can be used either as a permanent therapeutic approach, or as a temporary measure to prevent contracture of muscles prior to surgery
Heterophoria is an eye condition in which the directions that the eyes are pointing at rest position, when not performing binocular fusion, are not the same as each other, or, "not straight". This condition can be esophoria, where the eyes tend to cross inward in the absence of fusion; exophoria, in which they diverge; or hyperphoria, in which ...
Sixth nerve palsy, or abducens nerve palsy, is a disorder associated with dysfunction of cranial nerve VI (the abducens nerve ), which is responsible for causing contraction of the lateral rectus muscle to abduct (i.e., turn out) the eye. [1] The inability of an eye to turn outward, results in a convergent strabismus or esotropia of which the ...
Heart murmurs in dogs are extra vibrations or sounds in the heart that come from abnormal blood flow. It is not a condition on its own but rather a symptom of an underlying condition. When your ...
The symptoms of retinal dysplasia in dogs can range from subtle to overt, depending on the severity of the condition. In mild cases, dogs might not show any noticeable signs of visual impairment.
The lives of dogs with EIC are normal if extreme exercise is avoided. Symptoms and diagnosis. During collapse the dog’s hind legs become weak until they are no longer able to support the dog’s weight. In the most extreme cases the dog’s front legs also go weak and the dog collapses, its leg muscles loose. [3] The episode generally lasts ...
Typical signs in dogs include sneezing, nasal discharge, bleeding from the nose, and ulcerations of the nose. Pythiosis is a disease caused by a water mould of the genus Pythium, P. insidiosum. It occurs primarily in dogs and horses, but can also affect humans. In dogs it affects the gastrointestinal system and lymph nodes, and rarely the skin.
Symptoms of spina bifida in dogs. (Photo Credit: Cavan Images | Getty Images) The symptoms of spina bifida in dogs can vary significantly depending on the severity and location of the defect in ...
In dogs. Ectropion in dogs usually involves the lower eyelid. Often the condition has no symptoms, but tearing and conjunctivitis may be seen. Breeds associated with ectropion include the Saint Bernard, the Bloodhound, the Clumber Spaniel, Newfoundlands, and the Neapolitan Mastiff. It can also result from trauma or nerve damage.
Brachycephalic obstructive airway syndrome (BOAS), also known as brachycephalic airway obstructive syndrome (BAOS), brachycephalic airway syndrome (BAS), and brachycephalic syndrome (BS), [1] is a pathological condition affecting short nosed dogs and cats which can lead to severe respiratory distress. There are four different anatomical ...