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Cleaning symbiosis is a relationship between a pair of animals of different species, involving the removal and subsequent ingestion of ectoparasites, diseased and injured tissue, and unwanted food items from the surface of the host organism (the client) by the cleaning organism (the cleaner).
Aristotle records the same pattern of cleaning symbiosis reported by Herodotus, but differs as to its purpose, stating that "when the crocodile gapes, the trochilus flies into its mouth, to cleanse its teeth", presumably to feed on decaying meat lodged between the teeth and gums.
The "spur-winged plover" was identified by Henry Scherren as the "trochilus" bird said by the Greek historian Herodotus to be involved in what would now be called a cleaning symbiosis with the Nile crocodile.
The species is one of several plovers doubtfully associated with the "trochilus" bird mentioned in a supposed cleaning symbiosis with the Nile crocodile.
English: A small bird such as a plover or sandpiper, representing the Trochilus described by Herodotus, eats leeches from the gaping open mouth of a Nile crocodile in an early example of Cleaning Symbiosis. PD-Old-100 and PD-1923; Scherren died in 1911 so copyright has expired.
Linnaeus included a brief description, coined the binomial name Trochilus cristatus and cited Edwards' work. The Antillean crested hummingbird is now the only species placed in the genus Orthorhyncus that was introduced in 1799 by Bernard Germain de Lacépède .
The red-billed streamertail was formally described by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in 1758 in the tenth edition of his Systema Naturae under the binomial name Trochilus polytmus.
Cleaning symbiosis is an association between individuals of two species, where one (the cleaner) removes and eats parasites and other materials from the surface of the other (the client). It is putatively mutually beneficial, but biologists have long debated whether it is mutual selfishness, or simply exploitative.
The hybrid between the black-chinned hummingbird and Anna's hummingbird is called "Trochilus" violajugulum. The black-chinned hummingbird is also known to hybridize with Anna's, Lucifer, broad-tailed, and Costa's hummingbirds. As of 2011, it has the smallest known genome of all living amniotes, only 0.91 pg (910 million base pairs).
The ruby-throated hummingbird was formally described by the Swedish naturalist Carl Linnaeus in 1758 in the tenth edition of his Systema Naturae under the binomial name Trochilus colubris.