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The viral infection can be accompanied by secondary bacterial infections and can eventually present serious neurological symptoms. Canine distemper is caused by a single-stranded RNA virus of the family Paramyxoviridae (the same family of viruses that causes measles, mumps, and bronchiolitis in humans).
Trichophagia is estimated to have a prevalence of 0.6% in the general population with the most restrictive definition of hair ingestion, but looser definitions which are inclusive of sucking and chewing without swallowing, can be as high as 3.2%. [5]
Pica may lead to intoxication in children, which can result in an impairment of both physical and mental development. [5] In addition, it can cause surgical emergencies to address intestinal obstructions, as well as more subtle symptoms such as nutritional deficiencies and parasitosis. [5] Pica has been linked to other mental disorders.
Routes of exposure and infection include ingestion of undercooked meat, drinking infected water, fecal–oral transmission and skin absorption. Some types of helminths and protozoa are classified as intestinal parasites that cause infection—those that reside in the intestines. These infections can damage or sicken the host (humans or other ...
The skin of the forehead, upper eyelid and orbit of the eye may be involved. Zoster ophthalmicus occurs in approximately 10% to 25% of cases. In some people, symptoms may include conjunctivitis, keratitis, uveitis, and optic nerve palsies that can sometimes cause chronic ocular inflammation, loss of vision, and debilitating pain. [27]
Angular cheilitis is thought to be a multifactorial disorder of infectious origin, [10] with many local and systemic predisposing factors. [11] The sores in angular cheilitis are often infected with fungi (yeasts), bacteria, or a combination thereof; [8] this may represent a secondary, opportunistic infection by these pathogens.
Teething may cause a slightly elevated temperature, but not rising into the fever range of greater than 38.0 °C (100 °F). [3] Higher temperatures during teething are due to some form of infection, such as a herpes virus, initial infection of which is extremely widespread among children of teething age. [4]
These infections may cause blockage of the duct by salivary duct calculi or external compression. Parotid gland swellings can also be due to benign lymphoepithelial lesions [clarification needed] caused by Mikulicz disease and Sjögren syndrome.